Appetite influences the responses to meal ingestion

Abstract

Appetite modulation by preload conditioning has differential effects on the cognitive and emotive responses to a meal. Preload conditioning of the postprandial experience may be applicable to dietary planning and prevention of postprandial symptoms.

Education of the postprandial experience by a sensory‐cognitive intervention

“…The increased hedonic response to the meal after education, an indication of “consummatory reward”, could be related to several factors, among them appetite. Indeed, in the previous preload experiments, more hunger before ingestion was associated to more postprandial satisfaction . This could be considered an extension of the concept of alliesthesia, postulating that the hedonic responses depend on the internal state .…”

“…Higher palatability of the probe meal, indicative of “meal liking”, could be directly related to enhance sensory discrimination by the taste identification test in the education procedure . Higher palatability could be also related to more hunger before the meal: in a previous study, appetite experimentally manipulated by a preload test, was directly related to higher palatability ratings of a subsequent probe meal …”

“…Meal ingestion also activates the central nervous system and induces conscious sensations, such as satiation and fullness, involved in the homeostatic control of eating behavior . The response to a meal has also a hedonic dimension that influences digestive well‐being and mood . The responses to a meal depend on different factors including the characteristics of the meal and the individuals’ responsiveness, and these factors may affect differently homeostatic and hedonic sensations.…”

“…4 The response to a meal has also a hedonic dimension that influences digestive well-being and mood. 1,5,6 The responses to a meal depend on different factors including the characteristics of the meal and the individuals' responsiveness, [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] and these factors may affect differently homeostatic and hedonic sensations. For instance, we recently showed that a preload modifies the individuals′ predisposition to ingestion (reduces appetite) and thereby increases homeostatic sensations (satiety, fullness) and impairs the hedonic response (satisfaction, mood) to a subsequent meal.…”

Biogastronomy: Factors that determine the biological response to meal ingestion

“…The increased hedonic response to the meal after education could be related to several factors, including appetite and palatability. As described above, greater hunger before ingestion is associated with more postprandial satisfaction, and furthermore, under equal conditions, postprandial well‐being is directly related to meal palatability (Figure ).…”