Appendicular lean mass and mortality among prefrail and frail older adults

Brown, Justin C.; Harhay, Michael O.; Harhay, Meera N.

doi:10.1007/s12603-016-0753-7

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…These results are in agreement with previous studies with untrained individuals [ 43 , 44 ] and trained [ 8 ] elderly people. Indeed, gains in strength are extremely important for the health status in older adults, as strength improvements are associated with a reduced risk of mortality [ 45 ], as well as higher lean body mass [ 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Whey Protein Supplementation Pre- or Post-Resistance Training on Muscle Mass, Muscular Strength, and Functional Capacity in Pre-Conditioned Older Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial

et al. 2018

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Aging is associated with sarcopenia and dynapenia, with both processes contributing to functional dependence and mortality in older adults. Resistance training (RT) and increased protein intake are strategies that may contribute to health improvements in older adults. Therefore, the aim was to investigate the effects of whey protein (WP) supplementation consumed either immediately pre- or post-RT on skeletal muscle mass (SMM), muscular strength, and functional capacity in pre-conditioned older women. Seventy older women participated in this investigation and were randomly assigned to one of three groups: whey protein pre-RT and placebo post-RT (WP-PLA, n = 24), placebo pre-RT and whey protein post-RT (PLA-WP, n = 23), and placebo pre- and post-RT (PLA-PLA, n = 23). Each group ingested 35 g of WP or PLA. The RT program was carried out over 12 weeks (three times per week; 3 × 8–12 repetition maximum). Body composition, muscular strength, functional capacity, and dietary intake were assessed pre- and post-intervention. Two-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) for repeated measures, with baseline scores as covariates were used for data analysis. A time vs. group interaction (p < 0.05) was observed with WP-PLA and PLA-WP presenting greater increases compared with PLA-PLA for SMM (WP-PLA = 3.4%; PLA-WP = 4.2%; PLA-PLA = 2.0%), strength (WP-PLA = 8.1%; PLA-WP = 8.3%; PLA-PLA = 7.0%), and the 10-m walk test (WP-PLA = −10.8%; PLA-WP = −11.8%; PLA-PLA = −4.3%). Whey protein supplementation was effective in promoting increases in SMM, muscular strength, and functional capacity in pre-conditioned older women, regardless of supplementation timing. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03247192.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Whey Protein Supplementation Pre- or Post-Resistance Training on Muscle Mass, Muscular Strength, and Functional Capacity in Pre-Conditioned Older Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial

et al. 2018

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“…Several studies showed that low muscle mass is highly associated with increased mortality. 34–36 In addition, elderly people in nursing homes are at high risk of malnutrition, 37 which aggravates low muscle mass, resulting in an increased mortality rate. Second, sarcopenia is linked to multiple factors ranging from ageing process, 38 multiple chronic health conditions, unhealthy lifestyle, 39 hormonal factors, 40 inflammation 41 and so on.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenia as a predictor of all-cause mortality among older nursing home residents: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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ObjectivesThis study aims to review the evidence of sarcopenia as a predictor of all-cause mortality among nursing home residents.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis of observational cohort studies.Data sourcesPubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for relevant articles.ParticipantsNursing home residents.Primary and secondary outcome measuresAll-cause mortality.Data analysisSummary-adjusted HRs or risk ratios (RRs) were calculated by fixed-effects model. The risk of bias was assessed by Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.ResultsOf 2292 studies identified through the systematic review, six studies (1494 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. Sarcopenia was significantly associated with a higher risk for all-cause mortality among nursing home residents (pooled HR 1.86, 95% CI 1.42 to 2.45, p<0.001, I2=0). In addition, the subgroup analysis demonstrated that sarcopenia was associated with all-cause mortality (pooled HR 1.87,95% CI 1.38 to 2.52, p<0.001) when studies with a follow-up period of 1 year or more were analysed; however, this was not found for studies with the follow-up period less than 1 year. Furthermore, sarcopenia was significantly associated with the risk of mortality among older nursing home residents when using bioelectrical impedance analysis to diagnosis muscle mass (pooled HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.39 to 2.53, p<0.001); whereas, it was not found when anthropometric measures were used to diagnosis muscle mass.ConclusionSarcopenia is a significant predictor of all-cause mortality among older nursing home residents. Therefore, it is important to diagnose and treat sarcopenia to reduce mortality rates among nursing home residents.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42018081668

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“…The PFP was first described in 5,317 older participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study and has been studied in nationally representative studies (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). In the original study, 7% of community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years and older were frail, and frailty was associated with a 2.2-fold increased mortality risk (11).…”

Section: Pfp In Geriatric Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frailty and Long-Term Post-Kidney Transplant Outcomes

2019

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Purpose of review: To highlight recent research about frailty and its role as a predictor of adverse, long-term post-kidney transplant (KT) outcomes. Recent findings: Frailty is easily measured using the physical frailty phenotype (PFP) developed by gerontologist Dr. Linda Fried and colleagues. In recent studies, >50% of KT recipients were frail (20%) or intermediately frail (32%) at KT admission. Frail recipients were at 1.3-times higher risk of immunosuppression intolerance and 2.2-times higher risk of mortality, even after accounting for recipient, donor, and transplant factors; these findings were consistent with those on short-term post-KT outcomes. Pilot data suggests that prehabilitation may be an intervention that increases physiologic reserve in frail KT recipients. Summary: The PFP is a effective tool to measure frailty in ESRD that improves risk stratification for short-term and long-term post-KT outcomes. Interventions to improve physiologic reserve and prevent adverse KT outcomes, particularly among frail KT recipients, are needed.

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Appendicular lean mass and mortality among prefrail and frail older adults

Cited by 26 publications

References 20 publications

Effects of Whey Protein Supplementation Pre- or Post-Resistance Training on Muscle Mass, Muscular Strength, and Functional Capacity in Pre-Conditioned Older Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Effects of Whey Protein Supplementation Pre- or Post-Resistance Training on Muscle Mass, Muscular Strength, and Functional Capacity in Pre-Conditioned Older Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Sarcopenia as a predictor of all-cause mortality among older nursing home residents: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Frailty and Long-Term Post-Kidney Transplant Outcomes

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