Appearance of thermochemical emf in some conducting materials

Petrov, Yu. S.; Shcheglov, V. D.; Maslikhov, V. V.

doi:10.1007/bf00802292

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Electron transfer (by e-oxidant, reducing agent to lose electrons) and energy conversion can occur on the reaction process, synchronously, chemical energy will be translated to electrical power and thermal energy. The reaction will automatically proceed once start [1][2][3][4][5]. When it comes to battery work, and electric igniter inside battery is ignited by external electrical signals or mechanical force, sequentially, firing igniting cincture interconnect voltaic cells and electrode, so that the combustion temperature of pyrotechnic composition can reach 500-1800 [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Property of Pyrotechnical Battery

Zhao

Zhi

Zhao

et al. 2011

AMR

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Pyrotechnical battery is successfully prepared, including an anode and cathode having pyrotechnic charges with an excess of fuel-anode and an excess of oxidation agent cathode (Zr, CuO and asbestos), the anode and cathode being separated by a separator formed from LiF, ZrO2 and fibrous sponge. Main performance indexes system of pyrotechnical battery is put forward and tested under the premise of appropriate mass and corresponding size, such as discharge voltage, discharge time, activation time, excitation time, internal resistance, combustion temperature and storage life. The results show that pyrotechnical battery of Zr/CuO system can basically meet application requirements. Activation time is usually about 0.2 s. Discharge voltage is about 1.96 V and the discharge time is up to 13.8 s or more. The internal resistance keeps a low fixed value (0.47Ω , for example). Combustion temperature of pyrotechnic composition can reach 1500.6 °C (the case temperature of battery is lower) to ensure that electrode and separator is adequately melted, consequently, the internal resistance is reduced, and achieving satisfactory discharge effect.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Property of Pyrotechnical Battery

Zhao

Zhi

Zhao

et al. 2011

AMR

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“…An explanation for this phenomenon is offered, based on the difference in electrical conductivity in different zones of the combustion wave in loose and pressed condensed systems.Key words: solid-flame combustion, electromotive force of combustion, condensed systems, electrical conductivity in the combustion wave.Electrical phenomena in combustion have attracted researchers' attention for a long time [1][2][3][4]. Many papers deal with studying the electromotive force (e.m.f.)…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Electrical phenomena in combustion have attracted researchers' attention for a long time [1][2][3][4]. Many papers deal with studying the electromotive force (e.m.f.)…”

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confidence: 99%

Electromotive force for solid-flame combustion of heterogeneous systems in loose and pressed states

Proskudin

2006

Combust Explos Shock Waves

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By an example of condensed 3Zr + 2WO 3 and Al + Ni systems, it is demonstrated that the electromotive force of solid-flame combustion measured by probing in loose systems is significantly higher than that in the same systems in a pressed state. An explanation for this phenomenon is offered, based on the difference in electrical conductivity in different zones of the combustion wave in loose and pressed condensed systems.Key words: solid-flame combustion, electromotive force of combustion, condensed systems, electrical conductivity in the combustion wave.Electrical phenomena in combustion have attracted researchers' attention for a long time [1][2][3][4]. Many papers deal with studying the electromotive force (e.m.f.) of combustion in condensed systems. These papers describe the general ideas on the nature of origination of the combustion-induced e.m.f. in condensed systems [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] and show that the e.m.f. of combustion can be used as a tool for studying combustion properties [14][15][16]. It should be admitted, however, that the detailed mechanism of combustion-induced e.m.f. formation in condensed systems has not been clearly understood yet. In particular, it is not clear which mechanism is responsible for the influence of the initial density of the condensed system on the e.m.f. of solid-flame combustion.Loose systems display rather high values of the combustion-induced e.m.f., which reaches ≈900 mV in some individual systems [5][6][7]10]. At the same time, the e.m.f. values registered for pressed systems in [11,12] were lower approximately by an order of magnitude (less than 100 mV). We should recall that the constant component of the e.m.f. obtained in [9] in measuring the e.m.f. in the combustion wave in the pressed Co + S system reached 5 V, and the value of the variable and pulsed e.m.f. exceeded 110 V. The results of [9] seem to be anomalous, and their alternative interpretation will be presented below. It is also of interest to note that the amplitude of the e.m.f. induced by combustion of a mixture of tetrazole and sodium tetrazolate monohydrate in a pressed state is ≈900 mV [17].Of particular interest is to compare the results obtained for the Al + Ni system in [5,6,[10][11][12]. Typical values of the combustion-induced e.m.f. in this system in a loose state are 560-570 mV [5,6,10], and the corresponding values for the same system in a pressed state are less than several millivolts [11,12]. Though these data were obtained by different authors for different mixtures of Al and Ni powders and with the use of different measurement electrodes (which can affect the results obtained [18]), the main reason for the difference in the values of the combustion-induced e.m.f. seems to be the difference in initial densities of the burning systems.To check this assumption, we performed experiments to estimate the combustion-induced e.m.f. on a setup (Fig. 1), which allows experimentation with condensed systems in a loose state with the use of the same measurement electrodes and powder mixtures...

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Preparation and characterization of the Zr/CuO pyrotechnical battery

Zhao

et al. 2012

J. Wuhan Univ. Technol.-Mat. Sci. Edit.

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Appearance of thermochemical emf in some conducting materials

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Preparation and Property of Pyrotechnical Battery

Preparation and Property of Pyrotechnical Battery

Electromotive force for solid-flame combustion of heterogeneous systems in loose and pressed states

Preparation and characterization of the Zr/CuO pyrotechnical battery

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