Appearance of neuropeptides and NADPH-diaphorase during development of the enteropancreatic innervation

Tharakan, Tessie; Kirchgessner, Annette L.; Baxi, Laxmi; Gershon, Michael D.

doi:10.1016/0165-3806(94)00142-m

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Data on the timing and sequence of appearance of NO-producing neurons during the development of rat enteric plexuses (Belai et al 1995;Tharakan et al 1995) are in agreement with ours. However, by NADPH-diaphorase staining, NO-producing neurons were found first in the rat presumptive stomach on day E13 (Tharakan et al 1995), whereas we found that these neurons are present first in the colon by NOS staining.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The finding that VIP-immunoreactive neurons can be detected in the rat gut only after birth is in contrast with that of Tharakan et al (1995) who observed VIP-immunoreactive neurons in the rat already at E20, and of Pham et al (1991) who detected them at E14 in mice. The disagreement between the data of Pham et al (1991) on mice and ours on the rat can be explained by differences between animal species (mice gut differentiates before rat gut).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

“…However, by NADPH-diaphorase staining, NO-producing neurons were found first in the rat presumptive stomach on day E13 (Tharakan et al 1995), whereas we found that these neurons are present first in the colon by NOS staining. Belai et al (1995) reported that the colon is the region of the gut where NO-producing MP neurons (identified by NADPH-d labelling) are higher in number during developmental life, and important and significative differences were found between the first week (P4) of postnatal life and adulthood (6 months).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

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Neurochemical differentiation of rat enteric neurons during pre- and postnatal life

Matini

Mayer

Faussone–Pellegrini

1997

Cell and Tissue Research

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The presence of nitric oxide synthase (the enzyme which synthesizes nitric oxide), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylyl-cyclase-activating peptide (PACAP) in the rat enteric nervous system between term (E18) and 90 days postpartum (P90) was investigated by immunohistochemistry. Neuronal maturity was ascertained by emanining for the presence of two novel neuron intermediate filament proteins: alpha-internexin, which is transiently expressed in developing neurons, and peripherin, which is expressed in differentiating as well as in mature neurons. The alimentary canal of the foetus at E18, unfed newborn, suckling, weaning and adult rats was studied. Throughout the rat gut the myenteric neurons were recognized by the time the foetal stage was reached and the submucous neurons by the suckling period. alpha-Internexin was present at E18; its levels increased during ageing and were markedly reduced at P30. Peripherin was first detected at birth; its levels increased with ageing and practically almost all of the neurons and nerve fibres were labelled from P30. Nitric oxide synthase was present at E18 and the number of labelled neurons gradually increased with ageing, while both VIP and PACAP could be detected by the end of the suckling period in an equal number of neurons to that in adulthood. These data indicate that in the rat gut the onset of the mature neuronal phenotype is not yet achieved at birth and that the neurochemical differentiation is accomplished during the first month of postnatal life.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 81%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 60%

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Neurochemical differentiation of rat enteric neurons during pre- and postnatal life

Matini

Mayer

Faussone–Pellegrini

1997

Cell and Tissue Research

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“…PGP9.5 17 and NADPH-diaphorase, 18,19 and compared with the distribution of immunolabelled cells expressing Results obtained with X-gal histochemistry were identical to those obtained by immunohistochemistry and are thus virally transduced ␤-galactosidase. While it is unclear why mostly neurons were infected not illustrated.…”

Section: Images Of Infected Rat Small Arrows) (B) Shows a Haematoxylmentioning

confidence: 97%

Gene transfer into enteric neurons of the rat small intestine in organ culture using a replication defective recombinant herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) vector, but not recombinant adenovirus vectors

et al. 1997

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We have designed a system in which to test gene transferWe encountered a distinctive staining of cells arranged in into gut neurons consisting of an organ culture of neonatal two concentric circles corresponding in location to the rat small intestine. The tissue was exposed to herpes simmyenteric and submucosal plexuses. Cells in these areas plex-and adenovirus-derived vectors: (1) a temperaturewere of similar size and morphology to neonatal enteric sensitive herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV1) vector (tsK-␤gal) neurons, as visualized by NADPH-diaphorase histochemicontaining the lacZ gene encoding ␤-galactosidase (␤-gal), stry and immunocytochemical staining with antibodies to under the transcriptional control of the HSV1 immediatethe neuronally expressed proteins PGP 9.5, or neurofilaearly 3 (IE3) promoter; (2) RAd35, an E1 − /E3 − replicationments. Double labelling with antibodies recognizing neurodeficient adenovirus expressing lacZ under the control of filaments and ␤-galactosidase revealed that most cells a truncated HCMV major IE promoter; and (3) RAd122, an infected by tsK were neurons, while the RAd35 and 122 E1 − /E3− replication-deficient adenovirus expressing the vectors only infected non-neuronal cells. We thus demonlacZ under the control of the RSV LTR. Forty-eight hours strate that both HSV1-and adenovirus-derived vectors can after the vector was added to the organ culture, we be used to transfer genes to the gut in vitro, but they transdetected ␤-gal using immunohistochemistry or X-gal histoduce different populations of target cells. chemistry in tissue sections examined by light microscopy.

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“…In adult chicken gut, GAL-immunoreactive (GAL-IR) nerve fibers and ganglion cells have been described previously in the walls of the small and large intestines (Suzuki et al, 1996). The ontogeny of GAL-IR nerve elements has received attention only in mammals (Larsson et al, 1987;Tharakan et al, 1995). The lack of information on the ontogeny in chicken gut prompted us to undertake an immunohistochemical study to complete our research project on the ontogeny of the neuroendocrine system of the chicken.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ontogeny of galanin‐immunoreactive elements in the intrinsic nervous system of the chicken gut

1999

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Galanin is a brain-gut peptide that is present in the central and peripheral nervous systems. In the gut, it is contained exclusively in intrinsic and extrinsic nerve supplies, and it is involved overall in the regulation of gut motility. To obtain information about the ontogeny of galanin, we undertook an immunohistochemical study of chicken embryos.The time of first appearance and the distribution patterns of galanin were investigated with fluorescence and streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase (ABC) immunohistochemical protocols by using a galanin polyclonal antiserum. The various regions of the gut and the pancreas were obtained from chicken embryos aged from 3 days of incubation to hatching. All specimens were fixed in buffered picric acid-paraformaldehyde, frozen, and cut with a cryostat.Galanin-immunoreactive neuroblasts were first detected at 4 days in the mesenchyme of the proventriculus/gizzard primordium and within the Remak ganglion. They then extended cranially and caudally, reaching all of the other gut regions at 6.5 days. Galanin-immunoreactive nerve elements mainly occupied the sites of myenteric and submucous plexuses. From day 15, galanin-immunoreactive nerve fibers tended to invade the circular muscular layer and part of the lamina propria of the mucosa. In the pancreas, weak galanin-immunoreactive nerve elements were detected at 5.5 days. They tended to be distributed among the glandular lobules according to the organ differentiation.The widespread distribution during the earlier embryonic stages represents evidence indicating that the neuropeptide galanin may have a role as a differentiating or growth factor. From late embryonic life, its predominant presence in sympathetic nerves and in muscular layers fits with the functions demonstrated previously in adults of other vertebrates for galanin as a modulator of intestinal motility. Anat Rec 254: 28-38, 1999. 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Appearance of neuropeptides and NADPH-diaphorase during development of the enteropancreatic innervation

Cited by 21 publications

References 57 publications

Neurochemical differentiation of rat enteric neurons during pre- and postnatal life

Neurochemical differentiation of rat enteric neurons during pre- and postnatal life

Gene transfer into enteric neurons of the rat small intestine in organ culture using a replication defective recombinant herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) vector, but not recombinant adenovirus vectors

Ontogeny of galanin‐immunoreactive elements in the intrinsic nervous system of the chicken gut

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