Appearance of Enterotoxigenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> in Piglets with Diarrhea in Connection with Feed Changes

Shimizu, Mikio; Terashima, Toyoaki

doi:10.1111/j.1348-0421.1982.tb00200.x

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…We previously reported that most of P. multocida isolates in 1979 were antibiotic-susceptible because of poor drug selection pressure in bacteria in respiratory tracts of swine (14) whereas most of Escherichia coli isolates were multiple drug-resistant and R plasmid-bearing (16). However, the present study demonstrated six drug-resistance patterns-Sar, SarCpr, SarSmr, SarSmrCpr, Sar SmrApr, and SarSmrKmrepr in porcine P. multocida isolates from 1982 to 1985.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Drug Resistance and R Plasmids in Pasteurella multocida Isolates from Swine

Yamamoto

Sakano

Shimizu

1990

Microbiology and Immunology

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 50%

Drug Resistance and R Plasmids in Pasteurella multocida Isolates from Swine

Yamamoto

Sakano

Shimizu

1990

Microbiology and Immunology

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“…changing from SOYA to DSMP, by decreasing protein availability in the distal small intestine. Shimizu and Terashima (1982) reported increased severity of diarrhoea and appearance of ETEC in 3-week-old pigs when changing from DSMP to soyabean and maize-based diets. However, there was no difference between the number of ETEC excreted in the faeces or in the IL on day 3 post infection of pigs offered the H-DSMP and H-SOYA diets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of dietary protein supply, weaning age and experimental enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection on newly weaned pigs: health

Wellock

Fortomaris

Houdijk

et al. 2008

Animal

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Weaning is often associated with post-weaning colibacillosis (PWC), caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). The objective was to investigate the effects of manipulating dietary protein supply and increasing weaning age on enteric health and ETEC shedding of newly weaned pigs exposed to an experimental ETEC challenge. The experiment consisted of a complete 2 3 2 3 2 factorial combination of weaning age (4 v. 6 weeks), dietary protein content (H, 230 g crude protein (CP)/kg v. L, 130 g CP/kg) and experimental ETEC challenge (1 v. 2); all foods were free from in-feed antimicrobial growth promoters (AGP). An additional four treatments were added to allow the effect of protein source (DSMP, dried skimmed milk powder v. SOYA, soybean meal) and AGP inclusion (yes v. no) to be investigated in challenged pigs of both weaning ages. On day 3 post-weaning challenged pigs were administered per os with 10 9 cfu ETEC O149. A subset of pigs was euthanased on days 0 and 6 post weaning to assess enteric health and small intestine morphology. Both weaning age and dietary protein content affected the consequences of ETEC challenge. ETEC excretion persisted longer in the 4-week-weaned pigs than those weaned at 6 weeks. Although not significant, the numbers of ETEC shed in the faeces post infection (days 4 to 14) were higher on the H than L diet, especially in the 4-week-weaned pigs (P 5 0.093). Lowering CP level led to significantly firmer faeces post challenge (days 3 to 6) and decreased colonic digesta pH. Protein level had no effect on small intestine villous heights or crypt depths. There was no significant effect of protein source on ETEC excretion or enteric health. Results suggest that increasing weaning age and decreasing the level of dietary protein, especially in earlier weaned pigs, may help to maintain enteric health and minimise the effects of PWC.

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“…It has been suggested that protein availability in the distal part of the small intestine is one of the main factors in determining the level of microbial proliferation and the subsequent risk of PWED (Pluske et al, 2002;Prohá szka and Baron, 1980). In addition, the inclusion of soya bean and maize, at the expense of DSMP, has also been shown to result in increased severity of diarrhoea and the appearance of ETEC in weaner pigs (Shimizu and Terashima, 1982;Miller et al, 1984). The aims of the present work were two-fold.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of dietary protein supply on the performance and risk of post-weaning enteric disorders in newly weaned pigs

et al. 2006

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The effect of dietary protein supply, as manipulated by both crude protein content and/or substitution of existing ingredients, mainly soya (SOYA), with the more digestible dried skimmed milk powder (DSMP), and the consequences of removing in-food antimicrobial growth promoters (AGPs) on the performance and risk of post-weaning enteric disorders (PWED) in newly weaned pigs was investigated. Pigs weaned at 28·7^3·45 days of age (no. ¼ 49) were individually housed in an environmentally controlled room and assigned to one of seven dietary treatments; a 3 £ 2 factorial combination of dietary protein content (130, 180 and 230 g crude protein (CP) per kg) and main protein source (DSMP and SOYA), plus an additional control containing 230 g CP per kg, DSMP and in-food AGPs (ZnO, CuSO 4 and avilamycin). Individual food intake, faecal score (FS), cleanliness score (CS) and health score (HS) were taken daily, and live weight and faecal samples were taken on days 0, 4, 7, 11, 12, 13 and 14. All animals were slaughtered on day 14 to examine variables describing aspects of gastro-intestinal health. Increasing CP content and the removal of AGPs both led to a significant increase in faecal fluidity and contamination although there was no effect on HS. There was no effect of DSMP inclusion on FS, CS or HS. Increasing CP content led to an increase ( P , 0·05) in the number of coliforms in faecal and proximal colon (PC) samples taken at slaughter and a decrease ( P , 0·01) in the lactobacilli to coliform ratio (L:C) in the PC. Increasing CP content had no effect on average daily food intake (ADFI) but led to improvements in average daily gain (ADG) ( P , 0·001) and food conversion ratio (FCR) ( P , 0·001) over the whole trial period. The inclusion of DSMP had no effect on performance during the 1st week, but animals on the DSMP diets had improved ADG ( P , 0·05) and FCR ( P , 0·01) compared with those on the SOYA diets in the 2nd week. The inclusion of AGPs increased ADFI ( P , 0·05) and ADG ( P , 0·05) but had no effect on FCR over the whole trial period. The results indicate that in the absence of AGPs both growth performance and the risk of PWED increased as protein supply was increased. The increased risk of PWED was associated with an increased fluidity of faeces, a reduction in the L:C ratio and an increase in intestinal pH. Consequently, it is important to balance the trade-off between maximizing performance and minimising the risk of PWED through manipulating protein supply, particularly in an environment where AGPs are no longer permitted.

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Appearance of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in Piglets with Diarrhea in Connection with Feed Changes

Cited by 21 publications

References 27 publications

Drug Resistance and R Plasmids in Pasteurella multocida Isolates from Swine

Drug Resistance and R Plasmids in Pasteurella multocida Isolates from Swine

Effects of dietary protein supply, weaning age and experimental enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection on newly weaned pigs: health

The effect of dietary protein supply on the performance and risk of post-weaning enteric disorders in newly weaned pigs

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