Apparent membrane pore-formation by portuguese Man-of-war (Physalia physalis) venom in intact cultured cells

Edwards, Lincoln; Whitter, Ernest F.; Hessinger, David A.

doi:10.1016/s0041-0101(02)00138-1

Cited by 48 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Hemolytic activity has been reported in a wide variety of cnidarian venoms against erythrocytes from many different species [7,21,22]. Cytolytic toxins are known to operate by either of two general mechanisms: enzymatic and stoichiometric, with the stoichiometric lysins including pore formers [23]. For enzymatic mechanism, cytolytic venoms of marine invertebrates bind preferentially to membrane glycolipids or glycoproteins [24]; for stoichiometric mechanism, it involves binding and inser- Data were presented as means ± S.D.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Divalent and trivalent metal ions and osmotic protectants generally inhibit the colloid osmotic mechanism of cytolysis [26]. It was thought that the jellyfish venom formed pore like structures in target membranes causing rapid cell lysis [23]. Rottini et al reported that the hemolytic activity of venom from jellyfish C. marsupialis was not due to phospholipase C activity nor sphingomyelinase activity, but this venom induced formation of pores of a diameter ranging from 0.84 to 1.08 nm [15].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rottini et al reported that the hemolytic activity of venom from jellyfish C. marsupialis was not due to phospholipase C activity nor sphingomyelinase activity, but this venom induced formation of pores of a diameter ranging from 0.84 to 1.08 nm [15]. Electron microscopy of cell membranes treated with venom from jellyfish Physalia physalis revealed the presence of pores with a diameter of 10-80 nm [23]. Hemolytic mechanism of RFV has not yet been defined, but certainly it was not accounted for phospholipase A 2 activity, since phospholipase A 2 activity was not detected in RFV (data not shown).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Studies on the hemolytic activity of tentacle extracts of jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye: Application of orthogonal test

Xing

Liu

et al. 2007

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Studies on the hemolytic activity of tentacle extracts of jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye: Application of orthogonal test

Xing

Liu

et al. 2007

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules

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“…A mechanism of action suggested for many Cnidarian toxins [61], including Pelagia noctiluca [22], is the insertion of toxin molecules into the plasma membrane, the first phase of pore formation finally leading to colloid osmotic lysis of target cells. In this regard, the latter authors reported that the mechanism of toxin action mainly depends on pore-forming into the membrane of cell target rather than oxidative damage, since GSH, cysteine and ascorbic acid did not impair the hemolytic power.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals Affect Nematocysts Discharge Response and Biological Activity of Crude Venom in the JellyfishPelagia noctiluca(Cnidaria, Scyphozoa)

Morabito

Dossena

Spada

et al. 2014

Cell Physiol Biochem

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Background: Pollution of marine ecosystems and, specifically, heavy metals contamination may compromise the physiology of marine animals with events occurring on a cellular and molecular level. The present study focuses on the effect of short-term exposure to heavy metals like Zinc, Cadmium, Cobalt and Lanthanum (2-10 mM) on the homeostasis of Pelagia noctiluca (Cnidaria, Scyphozoa), a jellyfish abundant in the Mediterranean sea. This species possesses stinging organoids, termed nematocysts, whose discharge and concomitant delivery of venom underlie the survival of all Cnidaria. Methods: Nematocysts discharge response, elicited by combined chemico-physical stimulation, was verified on excised oral arms exposed to heavy metals for 20 min. In addition, the hemolytic activity of toxins, contained in the crude venom extracted from nematocysts isolated from oral arms, was tested on human erythrocytes, in the presence of heavy metals or their mixture. Results: Treatment with heavy metals significantly inhibited both nematocysts discharge response and hemolytic activity of crude venom, in a dose-dependent manner, not involving oxidative events, that was irreversible in the case of Lanthanum. Conclusion: Our findings show that the homeostasis of Pelagia noctiluca, in terms of nematocysts discharge capability and effectiveness of venom toxins, is dramatically and rapidly compromised by heavy metals and confirm that this jellyfish is eligible as a model for ecotoxicological investigations.

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“…Some identified protein toxins are antigenic [105]. The venom may act by creating pores in myocytic membranes [80] as has been shown for toxins of Physalia [106,107]. …”

Section: Toxic Componentsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Jellyfish Envenomation with Skin and Cardiovascular Manifestations and Treatments

Bais¹,

Che²,

Jiang³

et al. 2017

Toxicol Open Access

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Jellyfish are smooth-formed animals in the phylum cnidaria, living in around coastal water zones worldwide. Interacting with jellyfish tentacles, even the beached and dying jellyfish, can prompt millions of nematocysts to perforate the skin and infuse the venom through the inverted long spiny tubules, thereby causing toxic manifestations from no effect to extreme pain to death. According to the structure of nematocyst, quantitative toxins are released into body in a short time. Stung by jellyfish possesses a wide spectrum of toxic effects especially on skin and cardiovascular toxicities. However, the mechanism of jellyfish venom is not clear. In this review, we focus on Jellyfish toxins, symptoms and treatment after sting in order to reduce treatment time, improve the survival rate for medical providers and to set a reference for follow-up study.

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Apparent membrane pore-formation by portuguese Man-of-war (Physalia physalis) venom in intact cultured cells

Cited by 48 publications

References 16 publications

Studies on the hemolytic activity of tentacle extracts of jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye: Application of orthogonal test

Studies on the hemolytic activity of tentacle extracts of jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye: Application of orthogonal test

Heavy Metals Affect Nematocysts Discharge Response and Biological Activity of Crude Venom in the JellyfishPelagia noctiluca(Cnidaria, Scyphozoa)

Jellyfish Envenomation with Skin and Cardiovascular Manifestations and Treatments

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