“…Au-doped PtCu 3 /C analog exhibits about 25 % lower initial specific activity. We presume that this is due to the increased activity of the porous nanoparticles on account of the confinement effect [32]. However, as can be seen in the same figure, the specific activity is decreasing faster for the Pt-doped sample.…”
Section: Figure 1 (A) First Cyclic Voltammogram Of Ea Of (I) As-prepsupporting
“…Au-doped PtCu 3 /C analog exhibits about 25 % lower initial specific activity. We presume that this is due to the increased activity of the porous nanoparticles on account of the confinement effect [32]. However, as can be seen in the same figure, the specific activity is decreasing faster for the Pt-doped sample.…”
Section: Figure 1 (A) First Cyclic Voltammogram Of Ea Of (I) As-prepsupporting
“…A similar effect was found for metastable Co-Ag alloys [15]. The curvature effect on the dissolution potential has also been described recently with theoretical considerations for nanoparticles [16], obviously with an opposite change of dissolution potential due to their convex surface. The change in dissolution potential of Co implies that the curvature radius is near to at most a few tens of nanometers.…”
Section: Electrodeposition With Two-pulse Platingsupporting
-Bath compositions were elaborated for the codeposition of Co and Pb by taking into account the chemical compatibility of Co 2+ and Pb 2+ with the appropriate anions. Electrolytes containing either acetate, chloride or nitrate anions were tested, but only the acetate bath proved to be appropriate for the preparation of compact Co-Pb films. Deposits were obtained with constant current, with constant potential or by using various current and potential pulses in order to investigate the possibility of multilayer formation. The variation in deposit composition as a function of the deposition parameters was elucidated by using cyclic voltammetry, current transient measurements and gravimetry. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns recorded for two-pulse plated deposits revealed a nanocrystalline structure with grain sizes in the range 5 to 20 nm. The XRD peaks could be well indexed to pure face-centered cubic Co and Pb, indicating that the Pb codeposited with Co is not dissolved in Co but is segregated. Both the d.c.-plated and the two-pulse plated deposits exhibited anisotropic magnetoresistance without an indication for a noticeable giant magnetoresistance contribution. This means that the observed magnetoresistance arises from spindependent electron scattering events dominantly within the sufficiently large Co regions and not along electron paths between two Co regions via the Pb regions. Low-temperature resistivity measurements revealed a superconducting transition slightly below that of pure Pb. This may be ascribed to a proximity effect: the ferromagnetic Co grains suppress somewhat the superconductivity of the Pb phase due to the nanoscale phase mixture of the two constituents.
“…This is possibly due to the Gibbs-Thomson effect which predicts that nanoparticles of radius r dissolve at lower electrochemical potentials than bulk materials and thereby decreasing the surface area per unit volume (1/r). The Gibbs-Thomson effect is seen due to the reduction of local chemical potential caused by nanoscale curvature [22][23][24].…”
Section: Fig4:-particle Size Analysis For (A) Unmilled Cu and (B) 20mentioning
Abstract:Cu-E glass fiber composites were developed with different vol. % of E-glass fiber (10, 20, 30 and 40 vol. %) by powder metallurgy route. Both as-received Cu and nanostructured Cu developed by milling as-received Cu powder for 20 h were used to develop various Cu-E-glass fiber composites. The effect of using as-received Cu powder and nanostructured Cu powder on the properties of the various Cu-E-glass fiber composites was analysed. The samples were sintered at 900 o C for 1 h in inert atmosphere. The results show good bonding between the matrix and the reinforcement and there is homogeneous distribution of the reinforcement in the matrix. . The hardness of the Cu-E-glass fiber composites was found to increase from 0.8GPa to 2.7GPa with increase in vol. % of the glass fiber in case of unmilled and from 1.2GPa to 2.9GPa for the milled Cu-E-glass fiber composites. The as-milled Cu-Eglass fiber composites shows better densification and sinterability compared to the unmilled Cu-E-glass fiber composites
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