Apparent Blood Stream Origin of Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells in the Neointima of Long, Impervious Carotid-Femoral Grafts in the Dog

Comparison of the ovine and porcine animal models for biocompatibility testing of vascular prostheses

“…The aim was to investigate small-caliber prostheses [20]. Here, the results obtained are similar to those seen in the sheep model, with complete endothelialization of a bypass also occurring slowly [19,[21][22][23][24]. The coagulation system of the sheep is closer to that of humans [4].…”

Origin of neointimal endothelium and α-actin–positive smooth muscle cells in transplant arteriosclerosis

“…Such contaminating recipient-derived leukocytes can account for the recipient-specific signal in our analysis of aortic allografts and microdissected CAs, especially for the male-specific analysis, since the HY PCR is much more sensitive than the Tap2 PCR. Similar problems may also have influenced the results of Plissonnier et al (51). Recently, recirculating bone marrow-derived CD34 + EC progenitor cells (EPCs) have been identified in the peripheral blood of humans (52,53).…”

“…Bucala et al reported the existence of a non-bone marrow-derived circulating cell population with fibroblast properties that specifically enters sites of tissue injury (58). In addition, Kouchi et al described the presence of α-actin-positive smooth muscle cells on Dacron grafts, which apparently originated from the bloodstream (51). Using whole vessel wall organ cultures, Slomp et al showed migration of adventitial myofibroblasts to the luminal surface, where they transdifferentiated into endothelial-like cells as well as into a VSM cell phenotype in intimal thickening (59).…”

Mesenchymal Stem Cells and the Artery Wall

“…85 Similar engraftment was found in vascular prosthetic scaffolds. 84,86 Recent in vivo studies indicate that vascular cells can emigrate from the artery wall and migrate to remote tissues, presumably through the circulation. Montfort et al transplanted aortic segments from labeled donors into the kidney capsule of recipients and found engraftment of donor vascular cells in the recipient spleen with evidence of differentiation into marrow stromal cells.…”