Apparent Absorption of Copper and Zinc from Composite Vegetarian Diets in Young Indian Men

Agte, Vaishali; Chiplonkar, Shashi; Joshi, Neelima; Paknikar, Kishore M.

doi:10.1159/000177789

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…However, some studies on the nutritional profile of Indian vegetarian diet, demonstrate micro-nutrient deficiencies of zinc and iron that are primarily due to reduced absorption [58,40] and vitamin B12 deficiency in rural and urban vegetarians due to low dietary intake [46,48]. Our study differs from previous studies in India, as a large study population from 4 different geographical regions, representing 20 states of Indian, with energy- and multivariate adjusted analyses of nutritional intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional profile of Indian vegetarian diets – the Indian Migration Study (IMS)

Shridhar

Dhillon

Bowen

et al. 2014

Nutr J

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BackgroundThe cardiovascular and other health benefits and potential harms of protein and micronutrient deficiency of vegetarian diets continue to be debated.MethodsStudy participants included urban migrants, their rural siblings and urban residents (n = 6555, mean age - 40.9 yrs) of the Indian Migration Study from Lucknow, Nagpur, Hyderabad and Bangalore. Information on diet (validated interviewer-administered semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire), tobacco, alcohol, physical activity, medical histories, as well as blood pressure, fasting blood and anthropometric measurements were collected. Nutrient databases were used to calculate nutrient content of regional recipes. Vegetarians ate no eggs, fish, poultry and meat. Using multivariate linear regression with robust standard error model, we compared the macro- and micro-nutrient profile of vegetarian and non-vegetarian diets.ResultsVegetarians, (32.8% of the population), consumed greater amounts of legumes, vegetables, roots and tubers, dairy and sugar, while non-vegetarians had a greater intake of cereals, fruits, spices, salt (p < 0.01), fats and oils. Vegetarians had a higher socioeconomic status, and were less likely to smoke, drink alcohol (p < 0.0001) and engage in less physical activity (p = 0.04). On multivariate analysis, vegetarians consumed more carbohydrates (β = 7.0 g/day (95% CI: 9.9 to 4.0), p < 0.0001), vitamin C (β = 8.7 mg/day (95% CI: 4.3 to13.0), p < 0.0001) and folate (β = 8.0 mcg/day (95% CI: 3.3 to 12.7), p = 0.001) and lower levels of fat (β = −1.6 g/day (95% CI: −0.62 to −2.7), p = 0.002), protein (β = −6.4 g/day (95% CI: −5.8 to −7.0), p < 0.0001), vitamin B12 (β = −1.4 mcg/day (95% CI: −1.2 to −1.5), p < 0.0001) and zinc (β = −0.6 mg/day (95% CI: −0.4 to −0.7), p < 0.0001).ConclusionOverall, Indian vegetarian diets were found to be adequate to sustain nutritional demands according to recommended dietary allowances with less fat. Lower vitamin B12 bio-availability remains a concern and requires exploration of acceptable dietary sources for vegetarians.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional profile of Indian vegetarian diets – the Indian Migration Study (IMS)

Shridhar

Dhillon

Bowen

et al. 2014

Nutr J

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“…In order to identify the factors affecting apparent absorption of copper and zinc in vegetarian subjects, Agte et al (1994) estimated percent absorption of copper and zinc during six metabolic experiments, each of 2 weeks’ duration carried out on six healthy young males. They concluded that riboflavin, cellulose, milk proteins, oxalates, and zinc enhanced copper absorption, whereas phosphorus, niacin, calcium, and pulse protein inhibited the absorption of copper.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Factors and Susceptibility to Arsenic-Caused Skin Lesions in West Bengal, India

Mitra

Mazumder

Basu

et al. 2004

Environ Health Perspect

165

104

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There has been widespread speculation about whether nutritional deficiencies increase the susceptibility to arsenic health effects. This is the first study to investigate whether dietary micronutrient and macronutrient intake modulates the well-established human risk of arsenic-induced skin lesions, including alterations in skin pigmentation and keratoses. The study was conducted in West Bengal, India, which along with Bangladesh constitutes the largest population in the world exposed to arsenic from drinking water. In this case-control study design, cases were patients with arsenicinduced skin lesions and had < 500 µg/L arsenic in their drinking water. For each case, an age-and sex-matched control was selected from participants of a 1995-1996 cross-sectional survey, whose drinking water at that time also contained < 500 µg/L arsenic. Nutritional assessment was based on a 24-hr recall for major dietary constituents and a 1-week recall for less common constituents. Modest increases in risk were related to being in the lowest quintiles of intake of animal protein [odds ratio (OR) = 1.94; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05-3.59], calcium (OR = 1.89; 95% CI, 1.04-3.43), fiber (OR = 2.20; 95% CI, 1.15-4.21), and folate (OR = 1.67; 95% CI, 0.87-3.2). Conditional logistic regression suggested that the strongest associations were with low calcium, low animal protein, low folate, and low fiber intake. Nutrient intake was not related to arsenic exposure. We conclude that low intake of calcium, animal protein, folate, and fiber may increase susceptibility to arsenic-caused skin lesions. However, in light of the small magnitude of increased risks related to these dietary deficiencies, prevention should focus on reducing exposure to arsenic.

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“…; 22) in their habitual diets (Chiplonkar et al, 1993). The inhibitory e!ect of a high phytate : Zn ratio was also observed as poor absorption of zinc from composite vegetarian diets in young men (Agte et al, 1994). There is not enough information on zinc status of vegetarians, but limited studies reported so far indicate that their dietary and serum zinc levels are lower than non-vegetarians.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytate Degradation During Traditional Cooking: Significance of the Phytic Acid Profile in Cereal-Based Vegetarian Meals

Agte

Tarwadi

Chiplonkar

1999

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis

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Apparent Absorption of Copper and Zinc from Composite Vegetarian Diets in Young Indian Men

Cited by 14 publications

References 6 publications

Nutritional profile of Indian vegetarian diets – the Indian Migration Study (IMS)

Nutritional profile of Indian vegetarian diets – the Indian Migration Study (IMS)

Nutritional Factors and Susceptibility to Arsenic-Caused Skin Lesions in West Bengal, India

Phytate Degradation During Traditional Cooking: Significance of the Phytic Acid Profile in Cereal-Based Vegetarian Meals

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