Apparatuses having batteries of hydrocyclones made of plastics

Abstract

At present prevention of loss of valuable chemical and other types of products with waste waters as well as of environmental pollution by them is an extremely urgent task. In the cases where such products occur in waste waters as finely divided suspended matters, this task can be successfully accomplished by employing apparatuses having hydrocyclone batteries [1][2][3], which make it possible not only to very efficiently clean waste waters from suspended matters, but also to continuously return the recovered valuable products to the production cycle and, if necessary, to sell them as commercial products.At the same time, it must be noted that the designs of the battery hydrocyclone apparatuses produced in Russia so far using metallic hydrocyclones [1, 2] are not adaptable to streamlined production, have a low factor of utilization of the structural material, and their fabrication is highly cumbersome, which greatly impedes their serial production. Exceptions are modular multieyclones assembled from serially produced plastic microcyclones 20 and 30 mm in diameter and used for complementing stations of hydrocyclones employed for washing starch suspensions [4, 5]. However, the narrow range of diameters of the hydrocyelones in these apparatuses hinders their wide application for cleaning waste waters containing suspended matters of the product having a wide size range and having large volumes. The Nizlmii Novgorod State Technical University has developed and been serially producing battery hydrocyelone apparatuses based on plastic hydrocyclones [6] having diameters of 25, 40, 50, 60, 80, and 100 mm (individually linked plastic hydrocyclones and modular). Use of plastic hydrocyclones having a fairly wide range of diameters in these designs makes it possible to select hydrocyclones of a specific diameter to ensure the required efficiency of separation when the waste water contains suspended products differing in size range; the efficiency is ensured by the desired number of hydrocyclones when they are installed in the battery apparatus. Application of plastic hydrocyclones in these apparatuses allowed dramatic reduction of the material content and labor in the manufacture of battery hydrocyelone apparatuses, several-fold reduction of their cost, and their serial production.Battery hydroeyclone apparatuses having individually linked plastic hydrocyclones are designed in two versions. In one version the plastic modules are arranged around a centrally placed collector (Fig. la). This version of apparatuses consists of a collector, a group of hydrocyclones radially arranged around the collector, and a bin. The apparatus functions as follows. The waste water containing suspended particles of the product is fed under pressure through the inlet pipe into the feeding chamber of the collector and then through the pipe 5 into the plastic hydrocyelones where it acquires, due to tangential entry, a vigorous swirling motion. The centrifugal force generated in this process causes separation, the suspended particles move toward the ...

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