Anesthetic respiratory apparatuses (ARA) include apparatuses for artificial lung ventilation (ALV), inhalation narcosis (IN), and a number of auxiliary devices (respiration monitors, narcosis monitors, cardiomonitors, humidifiers and heaters of inhalation gases, etc.). They occupy an important place in the spectrum of widely used medical equipment and in the products of manufacturers of medical devices. Successful development of domestic apparatuses for ALV and IN has provided the basis for scientific and practical implementation of domestic schools of intensive therapy, anesthesiology, and reanimatology. Wide use of these devices and apparatuses has supported progress in contemporary surgery, including transplantation of organs, cardiosurgery, vascular surgery, neurosurgery and improved treatment efficacy in neonatology, therapy, emergency care, disaster medicine, etc. Domestic manufacturing of apparatuses for ALV and IN has obviated the need for the mass-scale import of these quite expensive medical devices.The purpose of the ALV apparatus is to replace inadequate or absent breathing of a patient by making use of various techniques of combined artificial and spontaneous ventilation with varying ratio of the two components. The dosage and stability of the quantitative operating parameters of ALV apparatuses are of cardinal importance. Under conditions of variable spontaneous respiration by the patient, the composition, temperature, and humidity of the inhaled gas should be maintained within safe limits [1].The IN apparatuses should provide necessary and controllable anesthesia and unconsciousness (if necessary) of the patient as well as monitoring and control of vitally important physiological parameters. The composition of the inhaled gas should be observed to very high accuracy in various respiratory contour settings and under conditions of exhaled gas recirculation [5].Generally, ARA must meet the following requirements: -high reliability of all components even under conditions of insufficient technical support i,a health service organizations; -absolute safety of patient and environment in case of use of flammable vapor-gas mixtures, electric circuits, and compressed gases; -friendly use under conditions of urgency, insufficient service, and poor technical support; -resistance to repeated sterilizations; -adequate protection of the environment against contamination with foul air. The short supply of circuitry and elements from manufacturers poses substantial restrictions on the provision of the health service organizations with the necessary spectrum of ARA. Inadequate budget funding of health service organization has an additional negative effect on their supply with necessary medical equipment.Under these circumstances, the comprehensive systemic approach to the development and production of ARA is a cardinal element of the problem. The goal of the present work was to apply this approach to the development of medical equipment using the example of ARA and to the analysis of a system containing a patient, a...