Apoptotic Effect of Ganciclovir on Primary Effusion Lymphoma Cells Infected with Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus

Several 9-(2-C-cyano-2-deoxy-l-beta-d-arabino-pentofuranosyl)purine derivatives were tested against Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)-infected primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cells. The guanine derivative (3, CNDAG), as well as the 2-amino-6-substituted-purine derivatives 4, 5, and 6, exhibited cell growth inhibitory activity against KSHV-infected cells, but showed no cytotoxicity against KSHV-negative cells at >15 microM concentrations. Therefore, it was found that compounds 3, 4, 5, and 6 showed selective cytotoxicity against PEL cells infected with KSHV.

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Primary effusion lymphoma in an elderly patient effectively treated by lenalidomide: case report and review of literature

Antar

Hajj

Jabbour

et al. 2014

Blood Cancer Journal

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Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare aggressive subset of non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma. It is caused by Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/human herpesvirus type 8 (KSHV/HHV8). It occurs mainly, but not exclusively, in HIV-positive patients. PEL predominantly develops in serous cavities and occasionally in extracavitary regions. PEL carries a very poor prognosis with a median survival time of <6 months. Indeed, currently used treatment modalities such as CHOP chemotherapy are far from achieving complete and sustainable remission. Therefore, there is no clear standard of care established in the treatment of PEL patients, stressing the need for novel-targeted approaches. Here, we have attempted a comprehensive assessment of the treatment of PEL, discussed avant-garde therapies and updated the state of preclinical research with promising clinical applications in the field. These include inhibitors of viral replication, modulators of cell signaling and inflammation, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and histone deacetylase inhibitors, and recently the combination of arsenic trioxide and interferon-alpha. Some of these targeted therapies have not yet reached clinical studies, although others were used in a few individual case reports with low numbers of patients. We also describe the first case of a 77-year-old, HIV-negative, HHV8-positive patient diagnosed with PEL limited to the pleural and peritoneal cavities. He received lenalidomide 25 mg/day for 21 days every 28 days. Treatment was well tolerated with no side effects. He rapidly improved after 1 month of treatment and progressively achieved complete remission persistent after 18 months of therapy. We believe that this review will bridge an important gap between classical chemotherapy and modern approaches of targeted therapy. Finally, our findings warrant further evaluation of lenalidomide in future prospective clinical studies.

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Apoptotic Effect of Ganciclovir on Primary Effusion Lymphoma Cells Infected with Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

Proteasome inhibitors induce apoptosis and reduce viral replication in primary effusion lymphoma cells

Proteasome inhibitors induce apoptosis and reduce viral replication in primary effusion lymphoma cells

9-(2-C-Cyano-2-deoxy-β-d-arabino- pentofuranosyl)guanine, a Potential Antitumor Agent against B-Lymphoma Infected with Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus

Primary effusion lymphoma in an elderly patient effectively treated by lenalidomide: case report and review of literature

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