Apoptosis of hemocytes is associated with the infection process of white spot syndrome virus in Litopenaeus vannamei

Tang, Xiaoqian; Cui, Chuang; Liang, Qianrong; Sheng, Xiuzhen; Xing, Jing; Zhan, Wenbin

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.017

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…During this period, Caspase and pro-apoptotic gene CAS were also significantly up-regulated, while the apoptosis-inhibiting gene TCTP was markedly down-regulated. The similar results were also found in our previous study in Litopenaeus vannamei ( 35 ). The results suggested that the hemocytes might exert antiviral effects through activating apoptosis during this stage.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Conversely, some WSSV envelope proteins could also modulate the host cell apoptosis during infection, thereby facilitating viral replication and expansion ( 31 – 34 ). In our previous studies, it was also found that the hemocytes apoptosis process in Litopenaeus vannamei fluctuated significantly during WSSV infection ( 35 ). These evidences suggested that the WSSV infection is closely related to the apoptotic process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Then, the collected hemocytes were centrifuged at 400 ×g for 5 min at 4 °C and washed three times with sterile PHPBS. In addition, the total hemocytes count in hemolymph was calculated as previous method ( 35 ). Briefly, 10 μl of hemocytes suspension was diluted for 10 times in 90 μl PHPBS, then the density of the diluted hemocyte suspension was measured by Neubauer hemocytometer, and THC was obtained by calculation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The WSSV-positive hemocytes were labeled with mixed mouse anti-WSSV monoclonal antibodies (Mabs 1D5, 1G12, 3B7,) previously produced in our laboratory and analyzed by flow cytometry ( 35 , 42 , 43 ). The hemocytes (about 10 6 cells in total) were fixed and permeabilized as above.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In short, the total genomic DNA of each hemocytes sample (about 10 5 cells in total) was isolated using DNA extraction kit (Takara, Japan) and quantified by Nanodrop 8000 Spectrophotometer. Then 50 ng DNA was added into each qPCR premix with primer pairs (QVP28F and QVP28R, shown in Table 1 ) for amplification, the absolute quantification PCR was carried out and the data was analyzed as previously described ( 35 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential Apoptotic Responses of Hemocyte Subpopulations to White Spot Syndrome Virus Infection in Fenneropenaeus chinensis

et al. 2020

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The apoptosis of hemocytes plays an essential function in shrimp immune defense against pathogen invasions. In order to further elucidate the differential apoptotic responses of the granulocytes and the hyalinocytes in Fenneropenaeus chinensis post WSSV infection, the characteristics of apoptotic dynamics and viral proliferation in total hemocytes and hemocyte subpopulations were respectively investigated in the present work. The results showed that the apoptotic rate of hemocytes changed significantly, and the apoptosis-related genes also showed significantly differential expression responses during WSSV infection. Interestingly, we found that the apoptotic rate of virus-negative hemocytes was significantly higher than that of virus-positive hemocytes in the early stage of WSSV infection, while it was significantly lower than that of virus-positive cells in the middle and late infection stages. The difference of apoptosis between virus-positive and virus-negative hemocytes seems to be an important way for the WSSV to destroy the host’s immune system and facilitate the virus spread at different infection stages. It was further found that the apoptosis rate of granulocytes was always significantly higher than that of hyalinocytes during WSSV infection, indicating that granulocytes have a stronger apoptotic response to WSSV infection. Moreover, a higher viral load was detected in granulocytes, and the density of granulocytes decreased more rapidly post WSSV infection, indicating that the granulocytes are more susceptible and vulnerable to WSSV infection compared with the hyalinocytes. These results collectively demonstrated that the apoptotic response in shrimp hemocytes was significantly influenced by the WSSV infection, and the differential apoptotic response of granulocytes and hyalinocytes to WSSV indicated the differences of antiviral mechanisms between the two hemocyte subpopulations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%