Apoptosis induction by α-mangostin-loaded nanoparticles in human cervical carcinoma cells

Abstract

The compound α-mangostin (AMG) extracted from Garcinia mangostana L. has potent anticancer properties but its clinical application is limited because of its poor solubility. In this study, AMG-loaded nanoparticles (NMG) were synthesized using a new formula and their apoptosis activity against human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells was investigated in comparison with organic solvent-soluble AMG in free form. The NMG was successfully synthesized with a particle size of <50 nm, polydispersity index <0.3, and zeta potential of −35.2 mV. At a concentration of 10 μg/mL, AMG reduced cell survival by 60%, whereas NMG treatment resulted in >90% cell death (p < 0.05). The AMG- or NMG-treated cells also showed changes in the size and shape and exhibited enhanced intensity of blue-stained nuclei, as well as decreased cell density, especially in NMG-treated cells. After 24 h of incubation with AMG or NMG, the cells went through late apoptosis at a rate of approximately 34% in 20 μg/mL AMG treatment and 27% in 10 μg/mL NMG treatment (p < 0.05). Thus, HeLa cells underwent more pronounced cell death through apoptosis induction caused by the NMG treatment compared to that caused by AMG. Clearly, the new NMG improved AMG bioavailability while maintaining the desired activity.

The Phytochemical α-Mangostin Inhibits Cervical Cancer Cell Proliferation and Tumor Growth by Downregulating E6/E7-HPV Oncogenes and KCNH1 Gene Expression

“…We found that AM, inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner, cervical cancer cell proliferation, whose responsiveness was as follows: CaSki > SiHa > HeLa > C33a. This agrees with previous studies, where the antiproliferative effect of AM was observed in HeLa and SiHa cells [25,26,28]. Notably, in our research, the most AM sensitive cells were those with the highest number of HPV copies of the most carcinogenic HPV16 subtype, specifically, SiHa and CaSki cells.…”

“…Among the natural compounds studied, the xanthone α-mangostin (AM), a phytochemical obtained from the pericarp of mangosteen fruit, exhibits broad biological activities, with outstanding antineoplastic [15] and anti-viral effects [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. The antitumor effects of AM, have been widely evaluated in different malignancies [15], including cervical cancer [25][26][27][28]. Additionally, the antiviral activity of AM, has been described against rotavirus [17], hepatitis C virus [24], dengue virus [18][19][20][21], chikungunya virus [23], and SARS-CoV-2 [22].…”

α-Mangostin Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Metastasis of Breast Cancer Cells via Regulating RXRα-AKT Signaling Pathway

“…Mangostin is a series of natural compounds isolated from the epicarp of the fruits of Garcinia Mangostana Linn which is one of the most popular herbal medicines ( Nguyen et al, 2020 ). In traditional Chinese medicine, the fruit hull of mangosteen has been widely used in the treatment of diarrhea, diabetes, and cancer for centuries ( Ittiudomrak et al, 2019 ; Zou et al, 2019 ).…”

Inhibition of biofilm formation by alpha-mangostin loaded nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus

“…The infrared spectrum data (Fig. B) showed the incorporation of AMG in the carriers ( Nguyen et al, 2020 ).…”

“…AMG loaded polymeric nanoparticles were prepared using Tween 20 (Sigma) and PEG 400 (Sigma) based on a method described by Nguyen et al (2020) NanoAMG was characterized using a dynamic light scattering machine (DLS - HORIBA SZ-100 analyzer, Germany). The nanoparticle sizes were in a range of 10–50 nm with a zeta potential value of − 35.20 mV and a polydispersity index (PI) was < 0.3 (Fig.…”