Apoptosis in amphibian development

Exbrayat, Jean-Marie; Moudilou, Elara; Abrouk, Lucie; Brun, Claire

doi:10.4236/abb.2012.326087

Cited by 12 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…A first one was observed at the onset of gastrulation, and depended on the maternal genes expressed at mid blastula transition (MBT). This first wave seemed to be related to the elimination of abnormal cells [42]. At gastrulation, a second wave of apoptotic cells was visualised in Xenopus laevis [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Previous studies showed that physiological PCD was observable at the onset of gastrulation (stage 10.5) in Xenopus laevis development [39,42,43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PCD is an essential process required for tissue remodelling during embryonic development; necrosis contributes to eliminate unwanted cells during embryogenesis [37,38] like PCD [42]. Amphibians and more particularly Xenopus laevis are commonly used to understand the importance of PCD throughout development [39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amphibians and more particularly Xenopus laevis are commonly used to understand the importance of PCD throughout development [39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relationships between calpains and glutamate- or kainate-induced apoptosis in Xenopus laevis tadpoles

Brun

Moudilou²,

Bouchot³

et al. 2014

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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Cell glutamate-damage induced by overstimulation of ionotropic receptors is initiated by modification of the intracellular Ca 2+ homeostasis and the concomitant activation of Ca 2+ -dependent cysteine proteases, the calpain and caspase families. The resultant cleavage of target molecules mediates a critical function in the execution of the cell death. In this work, we investigated relationships between the activity of calpain and glutamate-or kainate-induced apoptosis in several organs of Xenopus laevis tadpole. Animals (stage 48) were incubated for 3 hours with glutamate (30-120 mM) or kainate (0.015-0.75 mM) and the rise of both apoptosis and calpain was observed in several organs. Our results indicated that glutamate (120 mM) or kainate (0.15 mM) exposure induced cell death with apoptotic features. The toxic effects of drugs into the organs were variable. Apoptosis was probably not the only form of cell death and option of necrosis or apoptosis was depending on the stimulation degree of the receptor, i.e. the receptor type, intensity and time course of molecule exposure. The increase of ubiquitous calpain was not correlated with the peak of apoptosis, suggesting the role of calpain in cell death was complex: calpain and caspase pathways were tightly interrelated in the glutamate-or kainate-induced cell death and the contribution of calpain to another type of death than apoptosis was perhaps preferred.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Previous studies showed that physiological PCD was observable at the onset of gastrulation (stage 10.5) in Xenopus laevis development [39,42,43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amphibians and more particularly Xenopus laevis are commonly used to understand the importance of PCD throughout development [39][40][41][42].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Relationships between calpains and glutamate- or kainate-induced apoptosis in Xenopus laevis tadpoles

Brun

Moudilou²,

Bouchot³

et al. 2014

Folia Histochem Cytobiol.

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“…Only a few studies regarding the calpains have been realized in amphibian [18]. The aim of the present paper is to compare during the embryogenesis of Xenopus laevis the expression profiles of a well-known calpain, the CAPN1, with a calpain that is less studied, the CAPN-8b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression Patterns of CAPN1 and CAPN8b Genes during Embryogenesis in Xenopus laevis

Abrouk-Vérot¹,

Brun²,

Exbrayat³

2013

CellBio

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Calpains are a superfamily of Ca 2+ -dependent cysteine proteases, implicated in various cellular processes and thus probably necessary in all the stages of cell life. The first extended report of quantification of total RNAs within the developmental stages of Xenopus laevis was described in this study. Decreases of total RNAs were positively associated with waves of apoptotic cell death (onset of gastrulation, and morphogenesis). Using qPCR, the temporal expression pattern of CAPN1 and CPAN8b (XCL-2) were characterized during the Xenopus laevis embryogenesis. Transcripts of the CAPN1 and CAPN8 genes were detectable from gastrula stage and their levels oscillated throughout development. The expression of the CAPN1 (mu/I) gene was observed in earliest stage, indicating a maternal origin, while expression of the CAPN8b gene was detectable after midblastula transition. The levels of the two transcripts then started to rise again obviously as a result of zygotic expression (stage 11). The CAPN1 gene expression was particularly expressed at tailbud stage, while the CAPN8 transcripts were found at gastrula, neurula and tailbud stages. This is the first report of quantification of mRNAs CAPN8b and CAPN1 (mu/I) within the developmental stages of Xenopus laevis by qPCR.

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Metamorphic remodeling of the olfactory organ of the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis

Dittrich

Kuttler

Hassenklöver

et al. 2015

J of Comparative Neurology

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The amphibian olfactory system undergoes massive remodeling during metamorphosis. The transition from aquatic olfaction in larvae to semiaquatic or airborne olfaction in adults requires anatomical, cellular, and molecular modifications. These changes are particularly pronounced in Pipidae, whose adults have secondarily adapted to an aquatic life style. In the fully aquatic larvae of Xenopus laevis, the main olfactory epithelium specialized for sensing water-borne odorous substances lines the principal olfactory cavity (PC), whereas a separate olfactory epithelium lies in the vomeronasal organ (VNO). During metamorphosis, the epithelium of the PC is rearranged into the adult "air nose," whereas a new olfactory epithelium, the adult "water nose," forms in the emerging middle cavity (MC). Here we performed a stage-by-stage investigation of the anatomical changes of the Xenopus olfactory organ during metamorphosis. We quantified cell death in all olfactory epithelia and found massive cell death in the PC and the VNO, suggesting that the majority of larval sensory neurons is replaced during metamorphosis in both sensory epithelia. The moderate cell death in the MC shows that during the formation of this epithelium some cells are sorted out. Our results show that during MC formation some supporting cells, but not sensory neurons, are relocated from the PC to the MC and that they are eventually eliminated during metamorphosis. Together our findings illustrate the structural and cellular changes of the Xenopus olfactory organ during metamorphosis.

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Apoptosis in amphibian development

Cited by 12 publications

References 81 publications

Relationships between calpains and glutamate- or kainate-induced apoptosis in Xenopus laevis tadpoles

Relationships between calpains and glutamate- or kainate-induced apoptosis in Xenopus laevis tadpoles

Expression Patterns of CAPN1 and CAPN8b Genes during Embryogenesis in Xenopus laevis

Metamorphic remodeling of the olfactory organ of the African clawed frog, Xenopus laevis

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