Apoptosis as a primary defense mechanism in response to viral infection in invasive fire ant Solenopsis invicta

Hsu, Hung-Wei; Chiu, Ming‐Chung; Shih, Chen-Jen; Matsuura, Kenji; Yang, Chun‐Pai

doi:10.1016/j.virol.2019.03.015

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…It is known that intracellular proteolytic cascades generally mediate these processes [34], and previous studies have demonstrated their importance as defense mechanisms in insects against pathogenic attacks [35]. Similar mechanisms have been observed in various insects facing viral attacks, such as the fire ant Solenopsis invicta [36], the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda [37,38], and the bollworm Helicoverpa zea [39]. Hosts adopt avoidance, resistance, and tolerance mechanisms to cope with such infections due to the high fitness costs associated with pathogen-induced apoptosis [36,40,41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Expression Analysis Reveals Differentially Expressed Genes in BPH and WBPH Associated with Resistance in Rice RILs Derived from a Cross between RP2068 and TN1

Anand,

Divya,

Mazumdar-Leighton

et al. 2023

IJMS

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BPH (brown planthopper) and WBPH (white backed planthopper) are significant rice pests that often co-occur as sympatric species and cause substantial yield loss. Despite their genetic similarities, different host-resistance genes confer resistance against these two hoppers. The defense mechanisms in rice against these pests are complex, and the molecular processes regulating their responses remain largely unknown. This study used specific recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between rice varieties RP2068-18-3-5 (BPH- and WBPH-resistant) and TN1 (BPH- and WBPH-susceptible) to investigate the mechanisms of interaction between these planthoppers and their rice hosts. WBPH and BPH were allowed to feed on specific RILs, and RNA-Seq was carried out on WBPH insects. Transcriptome profiling and qRT-PCR results revealed differential expression of genes involved in detoxification, digestion, transportation, cuticle formation, splicing, and RNA processing. A higher expression of sugar transporters was observed in both hoppers feeding on rice with resistance against either hopper. This is the first comparative analysis of gene expressions in these insects fed on genetically similar hosts but with differential resistance to BPH and WBPH. These results complement our earlier findings on the differential gene expression of the same RILs (BPH- or WBPH-infested) utilized in this study. Moreover, identifying insect genes and pathways responsible for countering host defense would augment our understanding of BPH and WBPH interaction with their rice hosts and enable us to develop lasting strategies to control these significant pests.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Expression Analysis Reveals Differentially Expressed Genes in BPH and WBPH Associated with Resistance in Rice RILs Derived from a Cross between RP2068 and TN1

Anand,

Divya,

Mazumdar-Leighton

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…Apoptosis induced by viral invasion is a defensive mechanism of insect cells (Hsu et al, 2019). Therefore, to better understand the effects of BmAda3 site‐directed acetylation modification on the virus, BmNPV proliferation was analyzed using fluorescence microscopy.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deacetylation of BmAda3 is required for cell apoptosis caused by Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus infection

Zhu

Ngowo

et al. 2021

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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Silkworm is not only an ideal insect model with a biological significance, but it is also crucially important in sericulture and bioreactors. Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a principal pathogen of silkworm. However, the molecular mechanism underlying BmNPV invasion is still unclear. Based on our previous acetylome research findings of B. mori after BmNPV infection, here, we focused on silkworm alteration/deficiency in activation‐3 (BmAda3). The acetylation of K124 and K128 were significantly reduced (0.66‐fold) upon the virus challenge. Due to the interaction between Ada3 and P53, acetylation‐mimic K124Q/K128Q and deacetylation‐mimic K124R/K128R mutants of BmAda3 were constructed to explore the roles exerted by the acetylation modification of BmAda3 on P53. Yeast two‐hybrid and IP results revealed that both BmAda3 and its deacetylation mutants (K124R/K128R) interacted with P53. Interestingly, we found that the deacetylation mutants (K124R/K128R) of BmAda3 significantly promoted the stability of P53. Since P53 is a proapoptotic factor, cell apoptosis was detected. We established that the deacetylation of BmAda3 at K124/K128 facilitated cellular apoptosis during BmNPV infection. Finally, viral proliferation was analyzed, and the results indicated that virus generation was reduced by K124/K128 deacetylation. Our report, based on the deacetylation of two lysine sites 124/128 of BmAda3, shows possible regulatory pathways of BmNPV proliferation and provides novel insights into the development of antiviral agents.

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“…Cell death is an evolutionarily conserved means to restrict viral replication and protect the host organism ( 9 – 13 ). Death of an infected cell disrupts the viral replication cycle while also serving as a strategy to alert various cells (e.g., immune cells) of the infection ( 14 – 17 ).…”

Section: Activation Of Mitochondrial Cell Death Pathways During Viral Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondria and Viral Infection: Advances and Emerging Battlefronts

Sorouri

Chang

Hancks

2022

mBio

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Apoptosis as a primary defense mechanism in response to viral infection in invasive fire ant Solenopsis invicta

Cited by 10 publications

References 43 publications

Expression Analysis Reveals Differentially Expressed Genes in BPH and WBPH Associated with Resistance in Rice RILs Derived from a Cross between RP2068 and TN1

Expression Analysis Reveals Differentially Expressed Genes in BPH and WBPH Associated with Resistance in Rice RILs Derived from a Cross between RP2068 and TN1

Deacetylation of BmAda3 is required for cell apoptosis caused by Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus infection

Mitochondria and Viral Infection: Advances and Emerging Battlefronts

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