Apomorphine increases the activity of rat globus pallidus neurons

Bergstrom, Debra A.; Bromley, Susan D.; Walters, Judith R.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(82)90795-8

Cited by 56 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The results of this study demonstrate the occurrence of an excitatory response to amphetamine, a finding that conflicts with the findings of Bergstrom et al (1982), Kreiss et al (1996), and Kreiss and Walters (1998), these groups describing excitatory responses to D1 dopamine receptor stimulation by apomorphine and D1 agonists, but not to D2 dopamine receptor stimulation by amphetamine. But, D1 and D2 receptors are distributed throughout the basal ganglia, serving as binding sites for dopamine and dopamine agonists (Beckstead, 1988;Lindvall and Bjorklund, 1979;Fields et al, 1977;Mintz et al, 1986).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

“…However, these neurons have been shown to alter their output in relation to movement, but the movements studied were of a specific type (Georgopoulos et al, 1983;Matsumura et al, 1992) and, therefore, these findings failed to shed light on their role in relation to a wider range of movements. The STN neurons also show altered output in relation to stimulation or blockade of the dopamine receptor (Bergstrom et al, 1982;Kreiss et al, 1996;Kreiss and Walters, 1998;Mintz et al, 1986), but again, the implication of these findings for motor behavior remains to be elucidated because the observations were made in the anesthetized or immobilized animal. The activity of these neurons has also been investigated in relation to the information received from structures providing afferents to the STN such as the cerebral cortex and the globus pallidus (Kitai and Kita, 1987;Mink and Thach, 1993;Parent and Hazrati, 1995b;Rouzaire and Scarnati, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Subthalamic responses to amphetamine and apomorphine in the behaving rat with a unilateral 6-OHDA lesion in the substantia nigra

Olds

Jacques

Kopyov

1999

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The activity of neurons in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) of the behaving rat, before and after a unilateral 6-OHDA lesion of the substantia nigra, was recorded with the extracellular technique to determine whether it was altered following systemic amphetamine, 5 mg/kg, apomorphine, 3 mg/kg, and apomorphine, 0.3 mg/kg, and whether in cases of altered activity, it was related to the drug-induced motor response expressed concurrently. Activity in the STN of intact rats increased dramatically after amphetamine, 5 mg/kg. This excitatory response had the same latency, similar magnitude, and the same duration as the motor response expressed in terms of locomotion and oral stereotypy. Motor and unit responses were also induced by amphetamine after the lesion with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), but now the excitatory response was attenuated while the motor response was not. The effects of the 6-OHDA lesion were the same in all animals with loss of the nigra dopamine neurons, regardless of whether they were rotators or non-rotators. Activity in the STN of intact rats also increased after apomorphine, 3 mg/kg, and again, this increase was correlated with the increase in motor behavior, but both responses were of shorter duration than the responses to amphetamine. The increases in unit activity and motor behavior induced by apomorphine in the 6-OHDA-lesioned rats had the same magnitude but lasted longer than in the intact rats. Treatment with apomorphine, 0.3 mg/kg, of the intact rats produced small and very brief increases in the activity of the STN and in motor behavior. The same treatment given the 6-OHDA-lesioned rats produced responses of larger magnitude but no change in duration. These findings demonstrate a role for STN neurons in the mediation of the motor behaviors induced by stimulation of the dopamine receptor. The results also show that a unilateral lesion of the substantia nigra with 6-OHDA did not block these responses but altered them in a manner consistent with a dopaminergic deafferentation of the basal ganglia. The increased activity in the STN during the expression of dopamine-dependent motor behavior conflicts with the current model of basal ganglia function that assumes prejudicial effects of excessive STN activity on the expression of motor behavior. An explanation for this conflict suggests that it is more apparent than real.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Subthalamic responses to amphetamine and apomorphine in the behaving rat with a unilateral 6-OHDA lesion in the substantia nigra

Olds

Jacques

Kopyov

1999

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“…This higher dose of apomorphine has been shown to cause cellular changes mediated by activation of postsynaptic dopamine receptors (Bergstrom et al, 1982; Carlson et al, 1987; Rosenkranz and Grace, 1999). Startle was tested at 4:00 h.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Anatomical Basis for Opponent Process Mechanisms of Opiate Withdrawal

Radke¹,

Rothwell²,

Gewirtz³

2011

J. Neurosci.

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Opponent process theory predicts that the first step in the induction of drug withdrawal is the activation of reward-related circuitry. Using the acoustic startle reflex as a model of anxiety-like behavior in rats, we show the emergence of a negative affective state during withdrawal after direct infusion of morphine into the ventral tegmental area (VTA), the origin of the mesolimbic dopamine system. Potentiation of startle during withdrawal from systemic morphine exposure requires a decrease in opiate receptor stimulation in the VTA and can be relieved by administration of the dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine. Together, our results suggest that the emergence of anxiety during withdrawal from acute opiate exposure begins with activation of VTA mesolimbic dopamine circuitry, providing a mechanism for the opponent process view of withdrawal.

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“…Standard techniques (Bergstrom et al, 1982;Kreiss et al, 1996) were used to record from STN neurons in male Sprague Dawley rats (300 -500 gm; Taconic, Germantown, N Y) housed under environmentally controlled conditions and fed laboratory chow and water ad libitum. Because general anesthetics have been shown to block effects of dopamine receptor agonists in the STN , electrophysiological recordings in the present study were conducted in locally anesthetized animals.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extracellular single unit activity of spontaneously firing STN neurons was recorded with single barrel glass microelectrodes filled with 2% Pontamine sky blue dye in 2 M NaCl (Bergstrom et al, 1982). The electrode tips were broken back to a diameter of 1-2 m. Electrode in vitro impedances ranged between 3.0 and 6.0 M⍀ (at 135 Hz).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Response of Subthalamic Nucleus Neurons to Dopamine Receptor Stimulation in a Rodent Model of Parkinson’s Disease

et al. 1997

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Overactivity in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is believed to contribute to the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease. It is hypothesized that dopamine receptor agonists reduce neuronal output from the STN. The present study tests this hypothesis by using in vivo extracellular single unit recording techniques to measure neuronal activity in the STN of rats with 6-hydroxydopamineinduced lesions of the nigrostriatal pathway (a model of Parkinson's disease). As predicted, firing rates of STN neurons in lesioned rats were tonically elevated under basal conditions and were decreased by the nonselective dopamine receptor agonists apomorphine and L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA). STN firing rates were also decreased by the D2 receptor agonist quinpirole when administered after the D1 receptor agonist (Ϯ)-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-(1H)-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol (SKF 38393). Results of the present study challenge the prediction that dopaminergic agonists reduce STN activity predominantly through actions at striatal dopamine D2 receptors. Firing rates of STN neurons were not altered by selective stimulation of D2 receptors and were increased by selective stimulation of D1 receptors. Moreover, there was a striking difference between the responses of the STN to D1/D2 receptor stimulation in the lesioned and intact rat; apomorphine inhibited STN firing in the lesioned rat and increased STN firing in the intact rat. These findings support the premise that therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of Parkinson's disease is associated with a decrease in the activity of the STN, but challenge assumptions about the roles of D1 and D2 receptors in the regulation of neuronal activity of the STN in both the intact and dopamine-depleted states.

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Apomorphine increases the activity of rat globus pallidus neurons

Cited by 56 publications

References 24 publications

Subthalamic responses to amphetamine and apomorphine in the behaving rat with a unilateral 6-OHDA lesion in the substantia nigra

Subthalamic responses to amphetamine and apomorphine in the behaving rat with a unilateral 6-OHDA lesion in the substantia nigra

An Anatomical Basis for Opponent Process Mechanisms of Opiate Withdrawal

The Response of Subthalamic Nucleus Neurons to Dopamine Receptor Stimulation in a Rodent Model of Parkinson’s Disease

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