Apolipoproteins (apoproteins) and LPL variation in Mennonite populations of Kansas and Nebraska

Demarchi, Darío Alfredo; Mosher, M. J.; Crawford, Michael H.

doi:10.1002/ajhb.20425

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Demarchi et al (2005) suggest the possibility of a selection pressures on a polymorphism in apolipoprotein B (Xbal). This apolipoprotein is the primary protein found in low density lipoprotein, the lipoprotein associated with high delivery of cholesterol around the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of DNA Methylation across the Leptin Core Promoter in Four Diverse Asian and North American Populations

Mosher¹,

Melton²,

Stapleton³

et al. 2016

Human Biology

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DNA methylation is the most widely studied of epigenetic mechanisms, with environmental effects recorded through patterned attachments of methyl groups along the DNA which are capable of modifying gene expression without altering the DNA sequencing. The degree to which these patterns of DNA methylation are heritable, the expected range of normality across populations, and the phenotypic relevance of pattern variation remain unclear. Genes regulating metabolic pathways appear to be vulnerable to ongoing nutritional programming over the life course, as dietary nutrients are significant environmental determinants of DNA methylation, supplying both the methyl groups and energy to generate the methylation process.Here we examine methylation patterns along a region of the metabolic gene leptin (LEP). LEP's putative function includes regulation of energy homeostasis, with its signals affecting energy intake and expenditure, adipogenesis and energy storage, lipid and glucose metabolism, bone metabolism and Pre-print version. Visit http://digitalcommons.wayne.edu/humbiol/ after publication to acquire the final version.reproductive endocrine function. A pattern of differential methylation across CpG sites of the LEP core promoter has been previously identified; however, any consistency of pattern or its phenotypic significance is not fully elucidated among populations. Using DNA extracted from unfractionated white blood cells of peripheral blood samples, our pilot study, divided into two parts, examines the significance of variation in DNA methylation patterns along the leptin core promoter in four populations and uses biomarkers reflecting leptin's functional process in two of those populations to investigate the relevance of the ethnic variation identified in the DNA methylation. Those two populations are the Western Buryats of Siberia and the Mennonites of Central Kansas.LEP's core promoter region contains both the C/EBPα transcription binding site (TBS) which tempers the final step in adipocyte maturity and capacity to synthesize leptin and the TATA motif controlling leptin synthesis. Previous studies report that increased methylation in this region is correlated to decreased gene expression, with others suggesting tissue-specific methylation variation at this region. We hypothesize that evidence of nutritional epigenetic programming would be identified through variation in patterns of DNA methylation and that functional relevance of that variation among populations would be identified through biomarkers which reflect leptin's metabolic signals: serum leptin levels, lipoproteins of the lipid transport system and anthropometric measures.A distinct and consistent overall pattern of differential DNA methylation across seven CpG sites of LEP core promoter is documented in all ethnicities and both sexes in our combined analyses of 313 individuals. This pattern replicates those identified in previous studies, thus suggesting a conserved core promoter region across populations. The second analyses in two of the four ...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of DNA Methylation across the Leptin Core Promoter in Four Diverse Asian and North American Populations

Mosher¹,

Melton²,

Stapleton³

et al. 2016

Human Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This study included 94 male participants, with samples collected as part of longitudinal multidisciplinary study of midwestern Mennonite communities in the United States. Kansas samples were collected by researchers from the Laboratory of Biological Anthropology, University of Kansas, in 2004, as described previously (Demarchi et al 2005). Nebraska samples were collected in 1981 as part of a study of biological aging (Crawford 2000).…”

Section: Population Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mennonite congregations inhabiting the midwestern United States can be divided into three independent congregations, based on shared religious tenets within the Mennonite religious framework: Alexanderwohl, Holdeman, and Old Colony. All three of these congregations have distinct demographic histories, and a number of their communities have been previously investigated using both classical (Allen 1988;Comuzzie and Crawford 1990;Crawford and Rogers 1982;Crawford et al 1989;Martin et al 1996;Rogers 1984) and molecular genetic markers (Demarchi et al 2005;Melton et al 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…This research has included blood group systems, serum proteins, and immunoglobulins (Crawford et al 1989;Martin et al 1996). More recent genetic studies on these Mennonite communities have focused on molecular markers using apolipoproteins (Demarchi et al 2005) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diversity (Melton et al 2010). This previous genetic research has demonstrated a fission-fusion pattern characterizing the recent evolutionary history, showing that these new Mennonite communities fission along familial lines (Crawford et al 1989;Martin et al 1996;Crawford 2005;Demarchi et al 2005;Melton et al 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recent genetic studies on these Mennonite communities have focused on molecular markers using apolipoproteins (Demarchi et al 2005) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diversity (Melton et al 2010). This previous genetic research has demonstrated a fission-fusion pattern characterizing the recent evolutionary history, showing that these new Mennonite communities fission along familial lines (Crawford et al 1989;Martin et al 1996;Crawford 2005;Demarchi et al 2005;Melton et al 2010). Recent research on mtDNA in the Mennonite communities suggests that molecular genetic data provide a more accurate depiction of Anabaptist history than previously determined through classical genetic markers (Melton et al 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Paternal Genetic Structure in Contemporary Mennonite Communities from the American Midwest

Beaty¹,

Mosher²,

Crawford³

et al. 2016

Human Biology

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Over the last 35 years, researchers from the Laboratory of Biological Anthropology at the University of Kansas have been working with Mennonite communities to better understand evolutionary patterns of fission-fusion in relationship to their genetic history and population structure. In this study, short tandem repeat (STR) markers from the nonrecombining region of the Y chromosome (NRY) provided increased resolution of the molecular population structure for these groups. NRY is known to be informative for determining paternal genetic ancestral patterns in recently derived human populations. Mennonites represent a branch of the Anabaptist movement that began in northern and central Europe in the 16th century and maintain a well-documented migration and genealogical history. Provided this historical information, we investigated the genetic relationship of 15 NRY STR loci within five Mennonite communities from Kansas (Goessel, Lone Tree, Garden View, and Meridian) and Nebraska (Henderson). We sought to determine if patterns of fission/fusion along familial lines persisted with paternal genetic information as evidenced through other classical genetic polymorphisms and molecular markers. NRY haplotype information was obtained for 94 individuals, and genetic variation was analyzed and compared across the five study populations and comparative Anabaptist and European populations. NRY haplogroups were assigned using a Bayesian allele frequency approach with 14 STR loci. A total of 92 NRY haplotypes were detected, with none shared across these communities. The most prevalent NRY haplogroup was R1b, which occurred in 56% of the entire sample. Eight additional NRY haplogroups (E1b1b, G2a, I1, I2, J2a1, L, Q, and R1a) were detected in smaller frequencies. Principal component analysis of NRY data, in contrast to mitochondrial DNA data, displayed no patterns of population subdivision of these congregations into communities. These NRY genetic profiles provide additional information regarding the recent migratory history of Mennonite communities and additional evidence for fission along paternal lines after migration to the United States.

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Mennonite migrations: genetic and demographic consequences

Melton

2012

Causes and Consequences of Human Migration

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Apolipoproteins (apoproteins) and LPL variation in Mennonite populations of Kansas and Nebraska

Cited by 22 publications

References 21 publications

Patterns of DNA Methylation across the Leptin Core Promoter in Four Diverse Asian and North American Populations

Patterns of DNA Methylation across the Leptin Core Promoter in Four Diverse Asian and North American Populations

Paternal Genetic Structure in Contemporary Mennonite Communities from the American Midwest

Mennonite migrations: genetic and demographic consequences

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