Apolipoprotein E-containing lipoproteins and lipoprotein remnants in experimental canine diabetes

Wilson, Dana E.; Chan, Ing-Fong; Elstad, Nancy L.; Peric-Golia, L.; Hejazi, J.; Albu, D. S.; Cutfield, R.

doi:10.2337/diabetes.35.8.933

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Some early studies in diabetic rats injected with radiolabeled chylomicrons demonstrated the accumulation of the cholesteryl ester but not the triglyceride components in plasma, suggesting that chylomicron-derived RLPs accumulate in diabetes (63). Elevated levels of RLPs (detected by electrophoresis) also were observed in cholesterol-fed diabetic dogs (64). However, the role of RLPs per se in diabetic dyslipidemia is unclear, in part due to the difficulty in specifically measuring RLPs.…”

Section: Do Rlps Play a Role In Residual Cvd Risk In Diabetes?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Remnants of the Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease

et al. 2020

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Diabetes is now a pandemic disease. Moreover, a large number of people with prediabetes are at risk for developing frank diabetes worldwide. Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes increase the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). Even with statin treatment to lower LDL cholesterol, patients with diabetes have a high residual CVD risk. Factors mediating the residual risk are incompletely characterized. An attractive hypothesis is that remnant lipoprotein particles (RLPs), derived by lipolysis from VLDL and chylomicrons, contribute to this residual risk. RLPs constitute a heterogeneous population of lipoprotein particles, varying markedly in size and composition. Although a universally accepted definition is lacking, for the purpose of this review we define RLPs as postlipolytic partially triglyceride-depleted particles derived from chylomicrons and VLDL that are relatively enriched in cholesteryl esters and apolipoprotein (apo)E. RLPs derived from chylomicrons contain apoB48, while those derived from VLDL contain apoB100. Clarity as to the role of RLPs in CVD risk is hampered by lack of a widely accepted definition and a paucity of adequate methods for their accurate and precise quantification. New specific methods for RLP quantification would greatly improve our understanding of their biology and role in promoting atherosclerosis in diabetes and other disorders.

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Section: Do Rlps Play a Role In Residual Cvd Risk In Diabetes?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Remnants of the Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease

et al. 2020

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“…Most commonly, secondary canine hyperlipidaemia is the result of an endocrine disorder, such as hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus or hyperadrenocorticism (Rogers et al , Rogers , Ling et al , Wilson et al . , Barrie et al . , Panciera , Dixon et al .…”

Section: Causes Of Canine Hyperlipidaemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Secondary hyperlipidaemia is the most common form of hyperlipidaemia in dogs. Most commonly, secondary canine hyperlipidaemia is the result of an endocrine disorder, such as hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus or hyperadrenocorticism (Rogers et al 1975b, Rogers 1977, Ling et al 1979, Wilson et al 1986, Barrie et al 1993, Panciera 1994, Dixon et al 1999, Huang et al 1999. Hyperlipidaemia (hypertriglyceridaemia and/ or hypercholesterolaemia) has also been traditionally thought to be the result of naturally occurring pancreatitis in dogs (Rogers et al 1975b, Rogers 1977, Cook et al 1993, Hess et al 1998).…”

Section: Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Canine hyperlipidaemia

Xenoulis¹,

Steiner

2015

J of Small Animal Practice

101

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Hyperlipidaemia refers to an increased concentration of lipids in the blood. Hyperlipidaemia is common in dogs and has recently emerged as an important clinical condition that requires a systematic diagnostic approach and appropriate treatment. Hyperlipidaemia can be either primary or secondary to other diseases. Secondary hyperlipidaemia is the most common form in dogs, and it can be a result of endocrine disorders, pancreatitis, cholestasis, protein‐losing nephropathy, obesity, as well as other conditions and the use of certain drugs. Primary hyperlipidaemia is less common in the general canine population but it can be very common within certain breeds. Hypertriglyceridaemia of Miniature Schnauzers is the most common form of primary hyperlipidaemia in dogs but other breeds are also affected. Possible complications of hyperlipidaemia in dogs include pancreatitis, liver disease, atherosclerosis, ocular disease and seizures. Management of primary hyperlipidaemia in dogs is achieved by administration of ultra low‐fat diets with or without the administration of lipid lowering drugs such as omega‐3 fatty acids, fibrates, niacin and statins.

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“…1 The most common causes of secondary hyperlipidemia in dogs are endocrine disorders, such as hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, and hyperadrenocorticism. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] These diseases are associated with an increased risk of GBM formation. 1,[15][16][17][18] Hyperlipidemia might play a role in the dysregulation of GB motor function and mucosal function, as well as bile composition, resulting in abnormal GB motility and, in some cases, GBM formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hyperlipidemia and GB dysmotility are found in a small number of Shetland Sheepdogs before the formation of GBM 1 . The most common causes of secondary hyperlipidemia in dogs are endocrine disorders, such as hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, and hyperadrenocorticism 5–14 . These diseases are associated with an increased risk of GBM formation 1,15–18 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of gallbladder motility assessed by ultrasonography in dogs with hyperlipidemia

Villm

DeMonaco

Panciera

et al. 2023

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Background The pathogenesis of gallbladder (GB) mucoceles in dogs is unknown. It has been proposed that hyperlipidemia could impair GB motility and contribute to GB mucocele formation. Hypothesis/Objectives The objective of this study was to compare GB motility in dogs with hyperlipidemia to control dogs using ultrasonography. We hypothesized that hyperlipidemic dogs will have decreased GB motility compared with controls. Animals Twenty‐six hyperlipidemic and 28 healthy, age‐matched control dogs were prospectively enrolled. Methods Cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations were measured in all dogs. Hyperlipidemia was defined as hypercholesterolemia (>332 mg/dL) and/or hypertriglyceridemia (>143 mg/dL) using a biochemical analyzer. Ultrasound was performed before feeding, and 60 and 120 minutes after ingestion of a high fat diet. Gallbladder volumes (GBV) and ejection fractions (EF) were calculated. Results Hyperlipidemic dogs had significantly larger GBVs (ml/kg) before feeding and 60 minutes after feeding of 1.2 (0.4‐7.5; P = .008) and 0.6 (0.1‐7.2; P = .04) compared with controls 0.6 (0.2‐2.6) and 0.4 (0.1‐1.9), respectively. Severely hyperlipidemic dogs had significantly larger GBV at baseline, 60 minutes, and 120 minutes of 1.7 (0.6‐7.5; P = .03), 1.3 (0.4‐7.2; P = .02), and 1.3 (0.2‐8.2; P = .04), respectively compared with mildly hyperlipidemic dogs. EFs at 60 and 120 minutes between controls, hyperlipidemic, and severely hyperlipidemic were all 0.3 at 60 minutes and 0.5, 0.3, and 0.3 at 120 minutes, respectively which were not statistically different. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Hyperlipidemia leads to GB distention in dogs which could lead to retention of bile and gallbladder disease.

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Apolipoprotein E-containing lipoproteins and lipoprotein remnants in experimental canine diabetes

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Remnants of the Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease

Remnants of the Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Disease

Canine hyperlipidaemia

Evaluation of gallbladder motility assessed by ultrasonography in dogs with hyperlipidemia

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