Apolipoprotein B mRNA Editing Enzyme, Catalytic Polypeptide-Like Gene Expression, RNA Editing, and MicroRNAs Regulation

Cao, Wei; Wu, Wei

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-7435-1_5

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…1). Of the two, only APOBEC1 is known to be involved in apoB editing and be expressed in intestine and liver in mice [144]. Contrary to mice, bovine APOBEC1 is not expressed in the liver (Fig.…”

Section: Apob and The Synthesis Of Chylomicronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in fatty acids nutrition in dairy cows: from gut to cells and effects on performance

Bionaz

Vargas‐Bello‐Pérez

Busato

2020

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

101

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High producing dairy cows generally receive in the diet up to 5–6% of fat. This is a relatively low amount of fat in the diet compared to diets in monogastrics; however, dietary fat is important for dairy cows as demonstrated by the benefits of supplementing cows with various fatty acids (FA). Several FA are highly bioactive, especially by affecting the transcriptome; thus, they have nutrigenomic effects. In the present review, we provide an up-to-date understanding of the utilization of FA by dairy cows including the main processes affecting FA in the rumen, molecular aspects of the absorption of FA by the gut, synthesis, secretion, and utilization of chylomicrons; uptake and metabolism of FA by peripheral tissues, with a main emphasis on the liver, and main transcription factors regulated by FA. Most of the advances in FA utilization by rumen microorganisms and intestinal absorption of FA in dairy cows were made before the end of the last century with little information generated afterwards. However, large advances on the molecular aspects of intestinal absorption and cellular uptake of FA were made on monogastric species in the last 20 years. We provide a model of FA utilization in dairy cows by using information generated in monogastrics and enriching it with data produced in dairy cows. We also reviewed the latest studies on the effects of dietary FA on milk yield, milk fatty acid composition, reproduction, and health in dairy cows. The reviewed data revealed a complex picture with the FA being active in each step of the way, starting from influencing rumen microbiota, regulating intestinal absorption, and affecting cellular uptake and utilization by peripheral tissues, making prediction on in vivo nutrigenomic effects of FA challenging.

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Section: Apob and The Synthesis Of Chylomicronsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in fatty acids nutrition in dairy cows: from gut to cells and effects on performance

Bionaz

Vargas‐Bello‐Pérez

Busato

2020

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

101

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“…In the last 30 years, the physiological functions of APOBEC and ADAR protein family members have been gradually revealed (9, 10). These RNA editing enzymes (referred to as editases herein) can shuttle between the nucleus and cytoplasm, and homodimerization is required for their catalytic activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The functional impact of RNA editing on cell biology is demonstrated through (i) changing amino acid sequences of proteins (recoding); (ii) altering splicing patterns of pre-mRNA; (iii) causing changes in seed sequences of microRNAs (miRNAs) or in sequences of miRNA targeting sites; and (iv) influencing the stability of targeted RNAs (9, 10) (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of RNA Editing in Cancer Development and Metabolic Disorders

2018

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Numerous human diseases arise from alterations of genetic information, most notably DNA mutations. Thought to be merely the intermediate between DNA and protein, changes in RNA sequence were an afterthought until the discovery of RNA editing 30 years ago. RNA editing alters RNA sequence without altering the sequence or integrity of genomic DNA. The most common RNA editing events are A-to-I changes mediated by adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR), and C-to-U editing mediated by apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide 1 (APOBEC1). Both A-to-I and C-to-U editing were first identified in the context of embryonic development and physiological homeostasis. The role of RNA editing in human disease has only recently started to be understood. In this review, the impact of RNA editing on the development of cancer and metabolic disorders will be examined. Distinctive functions of each RNA editase that regulate either A-to-I or C-to-U editing will be highlighted in addition to pointing out important regulatory mechanisms governing these processes. The potential of developing novel therapeutic approaches through intervention of RNA editing will be explored. As the role of RNA editing in human disease is elucidated, the clinical utility of RNA editing targeted therapies will be needed. This review aims to serve as a bridge of information between past findings and future directions of RNA editing in the context of cancer and metabolic disease.

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“…In the 3'-UTR of A3B with a length of 356 bp 82 potential microRNA binding sites were predicted. It is possible that the repression of A3A by miRNA will be tighter than A3B or chimeric A3A-UTR A3B (Cao and Wu, 2017). Also, four kinds of miRNA bind to target sites in the AID 3'-UTR and reduce the amount of the protein (Zan and Casali, 2013).…”

Section: Factors Affecting the Activity Of Aid/apobec Deaminasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of cytosine desaminases of AID/APOBEC family to carcinogenesis

Zotova

Stepchenkova

Pavlov³

2019

BioComm

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Cytosine deaminases of the AID/APOBEC family have a weighty influence on human health. These enzymes are part of the innate and humoral immunity; they participate in lipid metabolism and muscle development, protect cells from viruses and regulate retrotransposition. If the activity of AID/APOBEC deaminases is misregulated, they can become "weapons of mass destruction," causing deaminations in unprotected single-stranded DNA regions leading to genome-wide mutagenesis. Ultimately, mutations contribute to cell malignancy and rapid evolution of cancer cells, helping them to evade the organism's defense. Also, hypermutable tumor cells develop resistance to anti-cancer drugs. Here we overview current understanding of the structure, functions, and regulation of AID/APOBEC cytosine deaminases in connection to carcinogenesis.

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Apolipoprotein B mRNA Editing Enzyme, Catalytic Polypeptide-Like Gene Expression, RNA Editing, and MicroRNAs Regulation

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Advances in fatty acids nutrition in dairy cows: from gut to cells and effects on performance

Advances in fatty acids nutrition in dairy cows: from gut to cells and effects on performance

The Role of RNA Editing in Cancer Development and Metabolic Disorders

Contribution of cytosine desaminases of AID/APOBEC family to carcinogenesis

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