Apolipoprotein AI prevents regulatory to follicular helper T cell switching during atherosclerosis

Gaddis, Dalia E.; Padgett, Lindsey E.; Wu, Runpei; McSkimming, Chantel; Romines, Veronica; Taylor, Angela M.; McNamara, Coleen A.; Kronenberg, Mitchell; Crotty, Shane; Thomas, Michael J.; Sorci‐Thomas, Mary G.; Hedrick, Catherine C.

doi:10.1038/s41467-018-03493-5

Cited by 135 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 69 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…Our results do not indicate an increase in HDL-C after BBR treatment. APOA-1 has an anti-atherogenic effect, and injection of APOA-1 can reduce intracellular cholesterol levels in ApoE −/− mice (Pourcet and Staels, 2016;Gaddis et al, 2018). However, there was no significant increase in reduced APOA-1 levels in the atherosclerosis mice using the high or low dose of BBR in our study.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Effect of Berberine on Atherosclerosis and Gut Microbiota Modulation and Their Correlation in High-Fat Diet-Fed ApoE−/− Mice

et al. 2020

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Atherosclerosis and its associated cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are serious threats to human health and have been reported to be associated with the gut microbiota. Recently, the role of berberine (BBR) in atherosclerosis and gut microbiota has begun to be appreciated. The purposes of this study were to observe the effects of high or low doses of BBR on atherosclerosis and gut microbiota modulation, and to explore their correlation in ApoE −/− mice fed a high-fat diet. A significant decrease in atherosclerotic lesions was observed after treatment with BBR, with the effect of the high dose being more obvious. Both BBR treatments significantly reduced total cholesterol, APOB100, and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels but levels of high/lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol and lipoprotein (a) were only reduced by high-dose BBR. Decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and increased anti-inflammatory IL-10 and adiponectin levels were observed in the high-dose BBR group, but no decrease in IL-6 or increase in IL-10 was evident using the low-dose of BBR. 16S rRNA sequencing showed that BBR significantly altered the community compositional structure of gut microbiota. Specifically, BBR enriched the abundance of Roseburia, Blautia, Allobaculum, Alistipes, and Turicibacter, and changed the abundance of Bilophila. These microbiota displayed good anti-inflammatory effects related to the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and were related to glucolipid metabolism. Alistipes and Roseburia were significantly enriched in high-dose BBR group while Blautia and Allobaculum were more enriched in low-dose, and Turicibacter was enriched in both BBR doses. Metagenomic analysis further showed an elevated potential for lipid and glycan metabolism and synthesis of SCFAs, as well as reduced potential of TMAO production after BBR treatment. The findings demonstrate that both high and low-dose BBR can improve serum lipid and systemic inflammation levels, and alleviate atherosclerosis induced by high-fat diet in ApoE −/− mice. The effects are more pronounced for the high dose. This anti-atherosclerotic effect of BBR may be partly attributed to changes in composition and functions of gut microbiota which may be associated with anti-inflammatory and metabolism of glucose and lipid. Notably, gut microbiota alterations showed different sensitivity to BBR dose.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 58%

Effect of Berberine on Atherosclerosis and Gut Microbiota Modulation and Their Correlation in High-Fat Diet-Fed ApoE−/− Mice

et al. 2020

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“…have generated Bcl6‐specific CD4 + knockout Apoe −/− mice. In this model, they observed a slight reduction of atherosclerotic plaques in mice under western diet whereas our study, based on a Bcl6 specific inhibitor, show an increase of atherosclerotic plaques . As Bcl6 is essential for the formation of GCs, the absence of GCs in Bcl6‐depleted mice leads to a depletion of GC B cells, a cell type known to influence atherosclerosis .…”

Section: T Cells In Atherosclerosiscontrasting

confidence: 54%

“…Gaddis et al. as well as our laboratory studied the effect induced by the inhibition of Bcl6, a transcription factor essential for Tfr and Tfh cells with disparate results . The different approaches used could, however, explain the discrepancy.…”

Section: T Cells In Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 95%

“…CD8 + T cells indeed trigger the apoptosis of macrophages, smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells by its cytotoxic and inflammatory ability, leading to necrotic cores creation . CD8 + are also able to regulate Tfh known to be proatherogenic . CD4 + T cells have also been shown to have a proatherogenic function .…”

Section: T Cells In Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Treg cells have proven to have a direct effect on endothelial cell activation, lymphocyte infiltration, foam cell formation, and on macrophage differentiation . During atherosclerosis, Treg cells can lose FoxP3 and mutate into memory, IFN‐γ + or Tfh cells . During this process, cells lose their ability to produce TGF‐β1, a cytokine known to be atheroprotective and for its ability to modulate Tfh cell population .…”

Section: T Cells In Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Follicular regulatory T cell in atherosclerosis

Baptista

Mach

Brandt

2018

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease involving the infiltration of immune cells, such as monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, T cells, and B cells, into the inner layer of vessel walls. T and B cell functions in the process of atherogenesis, as well as their mutual regulation, have been investigated but several aspects remain to be clarified. In the present review, we give a brief overview of the functions of follicular regulatory T cell (Tfr) on follicular T (Tfh) and B cell regulation related to atherosclerosis pathogenesis, including their influence on lymphangiogenesis and lipoprotein metabolism. We will also discuss their potential therapeutics properties in the resolution of established atherosclerotic lesions.

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An overview of the innate and adaptive immune system in atherosclerosis

et al. 2020

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Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death globally. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a chronic inflammatory disease usually caused by atherosclerosis, in which the coronary arteries become narrowed by atheromatous plaque. Plaques in atherosclerosis are formed through the accumulation of lipids and various immune cells. Both adaptive and innate immune systems are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and facilitate plaque formation and disease progression. Almost all immune system cells, including neutrophils, B cells, T cells monocytes, macrophages, foam cells, and dendritic cells (DCs), play a vital role in atherosclerotic plaque. Atherogenesis, the normal function of the endothelium, is initially disrupted and, then, cells of the immune system are recruited to the endothelium following increased expression of cell adhesion molecules. Accumulation of immune cells and lipids leads to the formation of a necrotic nucleus. As the disease progresses, smooth muscle cells form fibrous layers, whose rupture results in exposing the necrotic nucleus and thrombosis. Accordingly, the present review was conducted to determine the role of different cells in innate and adaptive immune systems in inhibition and progression of atherosclerosis.

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Apolipoprotein AI prevents regulatory to follicular helper T cell switching during atherosclerosis

Cited by 135 publications

References 69 publications

Effect of Berberine on Atherosclerosis and Gut Microbiota Modulation and Their Correlation in High-Fat Diet-Fed ApoE−/− Mice

Effect of Berberine on Atherosclerosis and Gut Microbiota Modulation and Their Correlation in High-Fat Diet-Fed ApoE−/− Mice

Follicular regulatory T cell in atherosclerosis

An overview of the innate and adaptive immune system in atherosclerosis

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