Apolipoprotein A-IV Reduces Hepatic Gluconeogenesis through Nuclear Receptor NR1D1

Effect of ApoA4 on SERPINA3 mediated by nuclear receptors NR4A1 and NR1D1 in hepatocytes

“…Primary mouse hepatocytes were isolated from three-month old male C57BL/6J mice, as previously described [13]; and cultured in a similar way as the HEK-293 and HepG2 cells (ATCC, Manassas, VA) in high glucose DMEM with 10% FBS and 1% pen/strep in a 5% CO 2 atmosphere. The cell line cells were passaged 2–3 times a week.…”

“…The sequences for mouse SERPINA3 are as follows: forward, 5’-AGGAACCAAGGATCTG-AGAGTG-3’; reverse, 5’-GCTGCTTCTGTGCCTGTCT-3’. Other primer pairs used in this study were the same, as previously described [13, 15]. Western blotting was performed as described in the western immunoblotting protocol provided by Cell Signaling Technology [16].…”

Apolipoprotein A-IV: a protein intimately involved in metabolism

“…Moreover, type II diabetes is resolved in over 80% of obese patients receiving RYGB ( 144 ). While the mechanisms behind the amelioration of metabolic abnormalities are largely unknown, growing evidence suggests that the rapid bypassing of the foregut by ingested nutrients alters the normal hormonal output of the intestine, including many factors which regulate food intake, insulin secretion with elevated glucose.…”

Role of Conserved Proline Residues in Human Apolipoprotein A-IV Structure and Function

“…In addition, apoA-IV has been shown to prevent oxidation of lipids and suppress inflammation (4,5). More recent studies have implied a potentially important role in altering the glucose sensitivity of pancreatic islets to alter insulin secretion (6). However, the mechanistic details for these functions remain unclear, in part because of a lack of structural understanding.…”