Apolipoprotein A-I in Labeo rohita: Cloning and functional characterisation reveal its broad spectrum antimicrobial property, and indicate significant role during ectoparasitic infection

Mohapatra, Amruta; Karan, Sweta; Kar, Banya; Garg, Lalit C.; Dixit, Aparna; Sahoo, P.K.

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2016.06.045

Cited by 24 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Mohapatra et al. () reported that this gene significantly increased after parasitic infection, which supports the present findings where ApoA‐I level was marked high in all stages. Besides the above innate immune gene expressions, mRNA transcript levels of two immunoglobulins (Ig), IgZ and IgM was also looked into.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Labeo rohitaandArgulus siamensisinfection: Host size, local inflammatory reaction and immunity modulate ectoparasite load on fish

et al. 2017

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Parasite species often show a heterogeneous, highly dispersed pattern of infestation within hosts. Varieties of factors including morphological, physiological, immunological and nutritional characteristics affect the infestation level of a specific parasite in homogenous pray. Limited attempts, however, have been made to explore such underlying drivers of infestation pattern. Here, three stages of Labeo rohita (fingerling, juvenile and pre-adult) were challenged with ectoparasite, Argulus siamensis in same aquaria. The parasite load on individuals was determined at 5-day interval for 1 month. The load was found to be highest in pre-adult stage followed by juveniles and fingerlings. On day 20 post infection, the load of parasite on pre-adult fish was high along with detectable skin damages. Skin tissues were collected for immune gene expression analysis and histopathology. Histological studies showed increased melanization in the dermis and mild inflammatory cellular reactions in pre-adult fish whereas, massive subcutaneous myositis with engorged blood vessels were observed in fingerlings. The expression levels of various inflammation and innate immune-related genes viz., interleukin (IL)-8, IL-10, IL-11, IL-15, natural killer enhancing factor, toll-like receptor 4, apolipoprotein A-I and immunoglobulin Z were significantly high in skin samples of infected fingerlings as compared to other two growth stages or controls of each stage. On the other hand, the expression of immunoglobulin M was down-regulated in all infected samples as compared to their respective controls. The results thus depict that local immuno-inflammatory response plays a significant role in determining susceptibility of host in intra-specific group, and has important implications for ecology and aquaculture.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Labeo rohitaandArgulus siamensisinfection: Host size, local inflammatory reaction and immunity modulate ectoparasite load on fish

et al. 2017

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“…) and can also have a role in the immunological response to certain ectoparasites in roho labeo ( Labeo rohita F. Hamilton), like Argulus siamensis (C. B. Wilson) (Mohapatra et al . ). This protein can also participate in inhibition of bacterial endotoxin, antiviral activity, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐apoptotic role, inhibition of inflammatory cytokines, neutralization of LPS (Ulevitch, Johnston & Weinstein ; Johnston et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Apolipoprotein A-I could be involved in innate immunity response as antimicrobial protein (Concha et al 2003(Concha et al , 2004Sarropoulou et al 2009;Rajan et al 2013) and can also have a role in the immunological response to certain ectoparasites in roho labeo (Labeo rohita F. Hamilton), like Argulus siamensis (C. B. Wilson) (Mohapatra et al 2016). This protein can also participate in inhibition of bacterial endotoxin, antiviral activity, antiinflammatory, anti-apoptotic role, inhibition of inflammatory cytokines, neutralization of LPS (Ulevitch, Johnston & Weinstein 1981;Johnston et al 2008) or associated with C3 complex in cod (Gadus morhua L.) (Magnadottir 2006) and in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) (Villarroel et al 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological responses of reared sea bream (Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758) to an Amyloodinium ocellatum outbreak

Moreira

Schrama

Soares

et al. 2017

Journal of Fish Diseases

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Amyloodiniosis represents a major bottleneck for semi-intensive aquaculture production in Southern Europe, causing extremely high mortalities. Amyloodinium ocellatum is a parasitic dinoflagellate that can infest almost all fish, crustacean and bivalves that live within its ecological range. Fish mortalities are usually attributed to anoxia, associated with serious gill hyperplasia, inflammation, haemorrhage and necrosis in heavy infestations; or with osmoregulatory impairment and secondary microbial infections due to severe epithelial damage in mild infestation. However, physiological information about the host responses to A. ocellatum infestation is scarce. In this work, we analysed the proteome of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) plasma and relate it with haematological and immunological indicators, in order to enlighten the different physiological responses when exposed to an A. ocellatum outbreak. Using 2D-DIGE, immunological and haematological analysis and in response to the A. ocellatum contamination we have identified several proteins associated with acute-phase response, inflammation, lipid transport, homoeostasis, and osmoregulation, wound healing, neoplasia and iron transport. Overall, this preliminary study revealed that amyloodiniosis affects some fish functional pathways as revealed by the changes in the plasma proteome of S. aurata, and that the innate immunological system is not activated in the presence of the parasite.

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“…These samples were washed thrice with distilled water and then stored in RNAlater for further processing. Total RNA was extracted from the parasite samples, and cDNA was synthesised using the standard protocols as described earlier 26 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection of candidate reference genes for RT-qPCR analysis in Argulus siamensis and their validation through screening of drugs and drug targets

Sahoo

Parida

Mohapatra

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Argulus spp. are economically important fish ectoparasites. The development of antiparasitic drugs is thus important and real time PCR is an indispensable tool in drug development. The analytical potential of RT-PCR depends upon accurate normalisation by the use of stable reference genes. Here, we identified stable reference genes of Argulus siamensis for validation of efficacy of drugs and drug targets. Seven candidate genes were evaluated by evaluating their expression under different states of Argulus using the RefFinder tool. The four algorithms together generated a comprehensive ranking with elongation factor-1 alpha (EF-1α) being the most stable and 18S ribosomal protein (18S) the least stable gene. Taking EF-1α and 18S genes as references, the effectiveness of six anti-parasitic compounds against Argulus was evaluated by studying their effect on the expression pattern of few ion channel genes; this was to understand their mode of action, besides validating the reference genes. EF-1α was found to be the most stable gene in the validation. Collectively, this study is the first report to validate the optimal reference genes of A. siamensis for normalisation, and the potential of the ion channel genes for evaluating effective drug targets in parasite control.

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Apolipoprotein A-I in Labeo rohita: Cloning and functional characterisation reveal its broad spectrum antimicrobial property, and indicate significant role during ectoparasitic infection

Cited by 24 publications

References 42 publications

Labeo rohitaandArgulus siamensisinfection: Host size, local inflammatory reaction and immunity modulate ectoparasite load on fish

Labeo rohitaandArgulus siamensisinfection: Host size, local inflammatory reaction and immunity modulate ectoparasite load on fish

Physiological responses of reared sea bream (Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758) to an Amyloodinium ocellatum outbreak

Selection of candidate reference genes for RT-qPCR analysis in Argulus siamensis and their validation through screening of drugs and drug targets

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