Apocrine Carcinoma Developing in a Naevus Sebaceous of Scalp

Paudel, Udaya Raj; Jha, Abhimanyu Kumar; Pokhrel, Dinesh Binod; Gurung, Dipendra; Parajuli, Sudip; Pant, Anil Dev

doi:10.3126/kumj.v10i2.7356

Cited by 8 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Several cases reported long periods of evolution associated with benign lesions, often from birth, followed by a short period of rapid growth of the tumour mass [4][5][6]. Other cases demonstrated more spontaneous development from a range of several weeks to 6 months [12,13].…”

Section: Literature Review Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PCAC has a diverse presentation, occurring as both uniand multi-nodular growths with varying colour [2]. Often these neoplasms are indurated, painless masses and can be associated with benign lesions [2], including a nevus sebaceous, most commonly seen with scalp lesions [4][5][6]. Development of these lesions typically occurs within a year before diagnosis [7]; however several cases have reported longer durations with a period of rapid growth [4,5,8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Often these neoplasms are indurated, painless masses and can be associated with benign lesions [2], including a nevus sebaceous, most commonly seen with scalp lesions [4][5][6]. Development of these lesions typically occurs within a year before diagnosis [7]; however several cases have reported longer durations with a period of rapid growth [4,5,8,9]. PCAC is often quite difficult to differentiate from metastases of adenocarcinoma of the breast, for two reasons: First PCAC has a morphological profile almost indistinguishable from that of metastatic carcinoma of the breast [10], which may be attributed to the fact that the mammary glands are defined as a form of modified sweat gland [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treatment of primary cutaneous apocrine carcinoma of the scalp - case and review of the literature

Brown¹,

Riesco-Martinez²,

Petrella³

2016

Glob Dermatol

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A previously healthy 42 year-old woman presented at her family doctor after her hairdresser noticed a nodule in the left temporo-parietal area of the scalp. The mass was a firm, reddish nodule measuring approximately 3 × 2 cm. The patient was completely asymptomatic. She was referred to dermatology, and the lesion was excised. The initial pathology report showed a moderately-well differentiated adenocarcinoma. It was unclear at this time whether this was a primary lesion of the sweat gland or metastatic adenocarcinoma from another site. She was then referred to our centre for oncologic work-up.The pathology was reviewed and confirmed a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma (Figure 1). The tumour was formed by single tubules or complex back to back tubular structures with areas where the luminal cells showed apical snouts. The lesion filled the reticular dermis without involving the epidermis. No perineural or lymphovascular invasion was present. The resection margins were clear, with the closest margin at 2 mm. The immunohistochemistry showed positivity for CK 7, ER, PR, Androgen receptor, CDX2, Ber ep4 and EMA. It was found to be negative for High molecular weight keratin, CK 20, COX2, CDX2, TTF1, Renal cell marker, CD 117, and CEA. It was concluded that this profile was most consistent with a metastatic breast carcinoma; however an eccrine/apocrine carcinoma of the skin could not be completely ruled out.On physical examination, there was no palpable lymphadenopathy of the neck, supraclavicular or infraclavicular regions bilaterally. No pre-or postauricular lymphadenopathy. On the left temporal parietal scalp, there was a 3 cm, well-healed scar, with no signs of infection or IntroductionPrimary cutaneous apocrine carcinoma (PCAC) is a rare type of sweat gland neoplasm with incidence rates estimated to range from 0.0049-0.0173 per 100,000 patients per year [1]. Approximately 200 total cases are reported in the literature. PCAC occurs in areas with large numbers of apocrine glands [2]. The scalp is among one of the rarest sites of occurrence, while the axilla appears most commonly [3]. Among the 186 cases reviewed by Hollowell, equal distribution was present in both males and females, with 76% of the sample population of Caucasian ethnicity. Median age was calculated at 67 years for this sample, which is the largest cohort studied to date [1].PCAC can develop in the dermal and subcutaneous layers of the skin, occasionally infiltrating the epidermal layer resulting in ulceration. PCAC has a diverse presentation, occurring as both uniand multi-nodular growths with varying colour [2]. Often these neoplasms are indurated, painless masses and can be associated with benign lesions [2], including a nevus sebaceous, most commonly seen with scalp lesions [4][5][6]. Development of these lesions typically occurs within a year before diagnosis [7]; however several cases have reported longer durations with a period of rapid growth [4,5,8,9]. PCAC is often quite difficult to differentiate from metastases of adenocarcinoma o...

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Section: Literature Review Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Treatment of primary cutaneous apocrine carcinoma of the scalp - case and review of the literature

Brown¹,

Riesco-Martinez²,

Petrella³

2016

Glob Dermatol

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“…From the time of metastatic diagnosis, survival ranged from approximately 1–4 years, with an average of 2.25 years. [12391011]…”

Section: Discussion Summary Of the Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apocrine carcinoma of the scalp with neck lymph node metastasis: A case report and review of the literature

Al‐Hakami

Awad

Algarni

et al. 2019

J Family Med Prim Care

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Primary cutaneous apocrine carcinoma (PCAC) is an extremely rare malignancy. Distinguishing apocrine carcinoma from breast carcinoma metastasis is difficult. Only a few cases reported as PCAC of the scalp and primarily treated by wide local excision. The usual presentation is a skin lesion that rapidly progresses over the duration of a few weeks to few months. We reported a 56-year-old man with a right scalp ulcerative lesion diagnosed as a CAC. The patient underwent wide local excision. 1.5 years later, the patient developed neck lymph node metastasis that treated with neck dissection and adjuvant radiotherapy. No chemotherapy was given due to limited literature, suggesting substantial benefits of adjuvant chemotherapy for such cases. Review literature was performed to assess the clinical presentation, treatment, and prognosis of such malignancies. PCAC of the scalp is a challenging malignancy in the diagnosis and management.

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“…Few non-specific mutations have already been found ( Table 1 ). Lesion may be associated with pre-existing naevus sebaceous [ 146 , 147 , 148 ].…”

Section: Tumors With Apocrine and Eccrine Differentiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Diagnosis and Treatment Options for Cutaneous Adnexal Neoplasms with Apocrine and Eccrine Differentiation

Płachta

Kleibert

Czarnecka

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Adnexal tumors of the skin are a rare group of benign and malignant neoplasms that exhibit morphological differentiation toward one or more of the adnexal epithelium types present in normal skin. Tumors deriving from apocrine or eccrine glands are highly heterogeneous and represent various histological entities. Macroscopic and dermatoscopic features of these tumors are unspecific; therefore, a specialized pathological examination is required to correctly diagnose patients. Limited treatment guidelines of adnexal tumor cases are available; thus, therapy is still challenging. Patients should be referred to high-volume skin cancer centers to receive an appropriate multidisciplinary treatment, affecting their outcome. The purpose of this review is to summarize currently available data on pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment approach for apocrine and eccrine tumors.

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Apocrine Carcinoma Developing in a Naevus Sebaceous of Scalp

Cited by 8 publications

References 14 publications

Treatment of primary cutaneous apocrine carcinoma of the scalp - case and review of the literature

Treatment of primary cutaneous apocrine carcinoma of the scalp - case and review of the literature

Apocrine carcinoma of the scalp with neck lymph node metastasis: A case report and review of the literature

Current Diagnosis and Treatment Options for Cutaneous Adnexal Neoplasms with Apocrine and Eccrine Differentiation

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