Apnoeic attacks in the newborn treated with aminophylline.

Kuzemko, J A; Paala, J

doi:10.1136/adc.48.5.404

Cited by 173 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(3 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In 1973, theophylline (1,3-dimethylxanthine) was shown to be an effective therapeutic agent for the treatment of apnea in neonates (5). Since this original report, theophylline and, to a lesser extent caffeine, have become widely used in the management of apnea in the newborn, especially the premature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theophylline Effects on Cellular Response in Protein-Energy Malnourished Neonatal Rat Brain

Quinby

Nakamoto

1984

Pediatr Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryThe present study employed an animal model in an attempt to document effects on brain growth of long-term exposure to theophylline in the presence or absence of malnutrition.One group of dams was randomly divided into half. One-half was fed a 20% protein diet and the other half a 6% protein diet.Similarly, a second group of dams was also randomly divided into two groups. These were pair-fed with rats of the first group, receiving diets comparable to those in group one but to which theophylline was added in amounts calculated to provide daily doses of 2 mg/100 g of body weight. Theophylline supplementation in the dams' 6% protein diet decreased the body weight of the pups consistently from d 3 to the end of the study at d 15 in comparison to the non-theophylline group. In contrast, the presence of theophylline in the control diet increased the body weight of the pups at d 15 compared with that of the non-theophylline group. Brain weight was essentially identical in the normal controls and the normally nourished group given theophylline. No difference in brain weight was noted between the malnourished group and the malnourished group given theophylline.We found a significant reduction in DNA content per brain or per mg of brain weight in the normally nourished group given theophylline compared with non-theophylline group. DNA values per mg of brain weight from the controls that received theophylline were not different from either malnourished group. RNA, expressed as pg RNA per mg brain weight, was significantly reduced in the normally nourished group that received theophylline when compared with the normally nourished controls and the malnourished group that received theophylline.Total protein content per brain was significantly reduced in the malnourished group that received theophylline compared with non-theophylline group. A significant increase in the amount of protein in the malnourished groups as opposed to the normally nourished groups was measured (pg protein per mg brain).The brain cell size (protein:DNA) calculated by the standard method in the malnourished group supplemented with theophylline was smaller compared with that of the non-theophylline group, but cell size in the control group given theophylline was greater. It appears that theophylline supplementation in the maternal diet affects the cell size differently according to the nutritonal state of the offspring.Our data suggest that, in the animal model, the administration of theophylline in the presence of a compromised nutritional status may have effects not now apparent. We add our concern to that expressed by others that methylxanthine administration may have previously unsuspected effects on the developing brain.In 1973, theophylline (1,3-dimethylxanthine) was shown to be an effective therapeutic agent for the treatment of apnea in neonates (5). Since this original report, theophylline and, to a lesser extent caffeine, have become widely used in the management of apnea in the newborn, especially the premature. As with many recently di...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theophylline Effects on Cellular Response in Protein-Energy Malnourished Neonatal Rat Brain

Quinby

Nakamoto

1984

Pediatr Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Choline theophyllinate has been found of value in the management ofapnoea ofprematurity (Kuzemko and Paala, 1973;Shannon et al, 1975), but recent reports have suggested that it is not without risk (Aranda and Dupont, 1976; copyright. level (,ug/ml) (Aranda and Dupont, 1976).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theophylline toxicity in a neonate.

Larcher¹,

Gamsu²,

Sanderson³

et al. 1978

Archives of Disease in Childhood

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…At the end of the 1960s, it was agreed that if attacks of apnea were frequent and prolonged, then hypoxic brain damage was likely to follow. In the early 1970s, Kuzemko won-804 PHILIP dered whether aminophylline might ameliorate this problem, because it was known to act on the respiratory center (102). Subsequently, other studies showed the value of aminophylline, as well as noting the interconversion of theophylline with caffeine.…”

Section: Respiratory Supportmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Evolution of Neonatology

Philip

2005

Pediatr Res

541

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In 1960, the terms "neonatology" and "neonatologist" were introduced. Thereafter, an increasing number of pediatricians devoted themselves to full-time neonatology. In 1975, the first examination of the Sub-Board of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine of the American Board of Pediatrics and the first meeting of the Perinatal Section of the American Academy of Pediatrics were held. One of the most important factors that improved the care of the neonate was the miniaturization of blood samples needed to determine blood gases, serum electrolytes, glucose, calcium, bilirubin, and other biochemical measurements. Another factor was the ability to provide nutrition intravenously, and the third was the maintenance of normal body temperature. The management of respiratory distress syndrome improved with i.v. glucose and correction of metabolic acidosis, followed by assisted ventilation, continuous positive airway pressure, antenatal corticosteroid administration, and the introduction of exogenous surfactant. Pharmacologic manipulation of the ductus arteriosus, support of blood pressure, echocardiography, and changes in the management of persistent pulmonary hypertension, including the use of nitric oxide and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, all have influenced the cardiopulmonary management of the neonate. Regionalization of neonatal care; changes in parent-infant interaction; and technological changes such as phototherapy, oxygen saturation monitors, and brain imaging techniques are among the important advances reviewed in this report. Most remarkable, a 1-kg infant who was born in 1960 had a mortality risk of 95% but had a 95% probability of survival by 2000. However, errors in neonatology are acknowledged, and potential directions for the future are explored. Abbreviations AAP, American Academy of Pediatrics BPD, bronchopulmonary dysplasia CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation ELBW, extremely low birth weight HMD, hyaline membrane disease iNO, inhaled nitric oxide IUGR, intrauterine growth restriction IVH, intraventricular hemorrhage L/S, ratio of lecithin, phosphatidyl choline, to sphingomyelin NICU, neonatal intensive care unit PDA, patent ductus arteriosus PEEP, positive end expiratory pressure PPHN, persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn PVH, periventricular hemorrhage RDS, respiratory distress syndrome ROP, retinopathy of prematurity SIDS, sudden infant death syndrome VLBW, very low birth weight VON, Vermont-Oxford Network "There is need for specialization in neonatal medicine. This applies to doctors and nurses as well as teaching and construction of hospitals. The specialist in neonatal diseases and the nurse intensively trained and expert in the management of delicate newborns will be commonplace ere long." J.W. Ballantyne, 1923 (1) "In previous times the problems of the newborn child have been the province of the obstetrician, a field in which he has taken comparatively little interest and to which he has contributed little. As pediatricians we have but s...

show abstract

Apnoeic attacks in the newborn treated with aminophylline.

Cited by 173 publications

References 8 publications

Theophylline Effects on Cellular Response in Protein-Energy Malnourished Neonatal Rat Brain

Theophylline Effects on Cellular Response in Protein-Energy Malnourished Neonatal Rat Brain

Theophylline toxicity in a neonate.

The Evolution of Neonatology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About