Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) estimation using breathing Sounds, accelerometer and pulse oximeter

Saha, Shumit; Kabir, Muammar; Montazeri, N.; Gavrilovic, Bojan; Zhu, Kevin; Yadollahi, Azadeh; Alshaer, Hisham

doi:10.1183/23120541.sleepandbreathing-2019.p63

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The Patch and the proposed method can be used to provide a more practical and convenient solution for airflow assessment at home, especially in high‐risk patient populations, such as individuals with cardio‐respiratory morbidities, who may require frequent assessment of their sleep, or those who cannot tolerate multiple sensor attachment, such as older individuals and children. Furthermore, combination of The Patch with oximetry has been used for accurate estimation of sleep apnea severity (Lynn, 2006; Moussavi & Yadollahi, 2012; Saha et al., 2019; Yadollahi et al., 2010). Accurate AHI estimation along with the proposed airflow estimation can provide a robust device for improved sleep apnea screening.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative tidal volume and respiratory airflow estimation using tracheal sound and movement during sleep

Ghahjaverestan

Kabir

Saha

et al. 2021

Journal of Sleep Research

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Summary Airflow is the reference signal to assess sleep respiratory disorders, such as sleep apnea. Previous studies estimated airflow using tracheal sounds in short segments with specific airflow rates, while requiring calibration or a few breaths for tuning the relationship between sound energy and airflow. Airflow−sound relationship can change by posture, sleep stage and airflow rate or tidal volume. We investigated the possibility of estimating surrogates of tidal volume without calibration in the adult sleep apnea population using tracheal sounds and movements. Two surrogates of tidal volume: thoracoabdominal range of sum movement and airflow level were estimated. Linear regression was used to estimate thoracoabdominal range of sum movement from sound energy and the range of movements. The sound energy lower envelope was found to correlate with airflow level. The agreement between reference and estimated signals was assessed by repeated‐measure correlation analysis. The estimated tidal volumes were used to estimate the airflow signal. Sixty‐one participants (30 females, age: 51 ± 16 years, body mass index: 29.5 ± 6.4 kg m−2, and apnoea−hypopnea index: 20.2 ± 21.2) were included. Reference and estimated thoracoabdominal range of sum movement of whole night data were significantly correlated with the reference signal extracted from polysomnography (r = 0.5 ± 0.06). Similarly, significant correlations (r = 0.3 ± 0.05) were found for airflow level. Significant differences in estimated surrogates of tidal volume were found between normal breathing and apnea/hypopnea. Surrogate of airflow can be extracted from tracheal sounds and movements, which can be used for assessing the severity of sleep apnea and even phenotyping sleep apnea patients based on the estimated airflow shape.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative tidal volume and respiratory airflow estimation using tracheal sound and movement during sleep

Ghahjaverestan

Kabir

Saha

et al. 2021

Journal of Sleep Research

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“…Apnea was defined as a 90% reduction in airflow lasting for more than 10 s. Hypopnea was characterized as >30% reduction in airflow for more than 10 s, accompanied by a 3% drop in oxygen saturation or cortical arousal (Berry et al, 2012). Simultaneously with PSG, tracheal sounds and movements were recorded with a small wearable device, The Patch (Saha et al, 2019), which included a microphone with a sampling frequency of 15,000 Hz and an accelerometer with a sampling frequency of 60 Hz. The Patch was taped securely over the suprasternal notch.…”

Section: Study Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the growing modalities for portable sleep apnea screening is based on respiratory sounds/movements recorded non‐invasively over the trachea (Hafezi et al, 2020; Kalkbrenner et al, 2018; Kulkas et al, 2009; Nakano et al, 2004, 2019; Penzel & Sabil, 2017, 2018; Yadollahi et al, 2010). Previous studies estimated AHI using tracheal sounds combined with pulse oximetry (Cummiskey et al, 1982; Saha et al, 2019; Yadollahi et al, 2010), nasal pressure (Glos et al, 2019), or actigraphy (Kalkbrenner et al, 2017). Integrating another sensor such as pulse oximetry with the device attached over the trachea can increase screening accuracy; however, the integrated sensor requires synchronization with the tracheal device.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep apnea severity based on estimated tidal volume and snoring features from tracheal signals

Ghahjaverestan

Saha

Kabir

et al. 2021

Journal of Sleep Research

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Sleep apnea is a chronic disorder associated with an increased risk of cardiorespiratory (4 folds; Fletcher et al., 1987) and neurocognitive (1.2 folds) disorders (Davies & Harrington, 2016). Sleep apnea is characterized by intermittent complete (apnea) or partial (hypopnea) reductions in respiratory airflow, each lasting more than 10 s during sleep. The severity of sleep apnea is commonly quantified by the number of apneas and hypopneas per hour of sleep, called the apnea/hypopnea index (AHI). However, to diagnose sleep apnea, individuals need to undergo overnight inlaboratory polysomnography (PSG), which is costly, inconvenient due to the attachment of >20 sensors, and has a long waiting list (2-60 months across the world; Pack, 2004). Therefore, up to 85%

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“…According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine criteria, 18 each 30-second epoch of data was annotated as sleep (NREM: non-rapid eye movement and REM: rapid eye movement) or wakefulness and used as the reference labels. Simultaneously with PSG, a wearable device, The Patch, which was developed in our laboratory, 13 was attached over the suprasternal notch using double sided tape that none of the participants had any challenge regarding discomfort of The Patch (Figure 1). The Patch records tracheal sounds with a onedirectional microphone (sampling rate = 15 kHz) and tracheal-related movements with a 3-dimensional accelerometer (sampling rate = 60 Hz).…”

Section: Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tracheal signals have been extensively used to monitor respiration during sleep and assess the severity of sleep apnea by estimating AHI. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Tracheal sounds can be conveniently recorded using a microphone embedded in a portable device attached over the suprasternal notch. Recently, we have developed a device called "The Patch" to record tracheal respiratory related sounds and movements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Sleep/Wakefulness Detection Using Tracheal Sounds and Movements</p>

Ghahjaverestan¹,

Akbarian²,

Hafezi³

et al. 2020

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Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) estimation using breathing Sounds, accelerometer and pulse oximeter

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Relative tidal volume and respiratory airflow estimation using tracheal sound and movement during sleep

Relative tidal volume and respiratory airflow estimation using tracheal sound and movement during sleep

Sleep apnea severity based on estimated tidal volume and snoring features from tracheal signals

<p>Sleep/Wakefulness Detection Using Tracheal Sounds and Movements</p>

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