“…In the genus Aplectana, A. akhrami (Islam, Farooq & Khanum, 1979), A. artigasi Puga & Torres, 1997, A. chilensis Lent & Freitas, 1948, A. crossodactyli Baker, 1980, A. crucifer Travassos, 1925, A. delirae (Fabio, 1971) Lent & Freitas, 1948, A. papillifera (Araujo, 1977), A. praeputialis (Skrjabin, 1916), A. tarija Ramallo, Bursey & Goldberg, 2007, and A. vercammeni Le Van Hoa, 1962, have no gubernaculum [20,22,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35] Currently, the specific diagnosis of Aplectana spp. remains based on morphology, and the genetic data of these parasites are severely limited.…”