Apigenin inhibits growth of melanoma by suppressing miR-512-3p and promoting the G1 phase of cell cycle involving the p27 Kip1 protein

Aqueous Extract of Leaves and Flowers of Acmella caulirhiza Reduces the Proliferation of Cancer Cells by Underexpressing Some Genes and Activating Caspase-3

“…Te evaluation of the cytotoxic properties of this aqueous extract on breast, brain, skin, and colon cancer cell lines showed that the extract was more active on YUMM 1.7 cells with IC 50 s of 149.42 and 31.99 after 24 and 48 h, respectively (Table 5). Xie et al demonstrated that alkaloids, favonoids, coumarins, and terpenoids also present in our extract upregulated the expression of Kip/p27 leading to a decrease in cyclin-D, cyclin-E, and CDK2/4/6 proteins in the melanoma cancer cell lines (WM1361B and WM983A) [16], colon cancer cell lines (HCT-116, LoVo, and DLD-1) [12], and human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) [37]. Tis could lead to the breakage of retinoblastoma and E2F proteins, stopping the cell cycle in the G1/G0 phase.…”

“…Alkaloids from the Amaryllidaceae family inhibit the independent efects of p53 on the proliferation of colon cancer cells [12]. Phenolic compounds such as ampelopsin and apigenin through their antioxidant and anti-infammatory properties induce cell death by apoptosis, suppressing miR-512-3p and promoting the G1 phase of cell cycle involving the p27 Kip1 protein in glioma and breast cancer cells [13][14][15][16]. Other bioactive compounds like tomentosin, a terpenoid isolated from plants of the Asteraceae family such as Inula viscosa, and jolkinolide B (extracted from Euphorbia kansui) inhibit the proliferation and migratory activity of cancer cells by downregulating the PI3K-Akt pathway and the expression of certain proinfammatory genes [17][18][19].…”

Identification of Three Genes Associated with Metastasis in Melanoma and Construction of a Predictive Model: A Multiracial Identification

“…The result from the WGCNA revealed that the green module is the hub module. And the GO and KEGG analysis demonstrated that the green module was associated with the MAPK signaling pathway and cell cycle signaling pathway which has already been reported associated with the metastasis in the MM [ 29 , 30 ]. Then, based on the PPI and MCODE analysis, the three hub genes, SNRPD2, SNRPD3, and EIF4A3, had been screened out and been identified as the useful biomarkers to predict the metastasis in the MM patients by ROC curve and expression value analysis in the GSE8401.…”

Selected Flavonoids to Target Melanoma: A Perspective in Nanoengineering Delivery Systems

“…Apigenin is a flavonoid (flavone class) that is present in several fruits, vegetables, and medicinal and aromatic plants that are used in traditional medicine, being attributed with several bioactivities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer, among others [ 12 , 15 , 34 ]. The anticancer activity was studied by Woo, et al [ 15 ] through the exposure of the A375P and A375SM human melanoma cell lines to apigenin, having verified the inhibition of cell growth as a result of the activation of the apoptotic pathway, as explained by the raised levels of apoptotic proteins (BAX, p53, cleaved caspase 9, caspase 9, caspase 3, and cleaved PARP) and by a decrease in the anti-apoptotic protein BCl-2 [ 15 , 35 ].…”

“…Using the human melanoma A375 and C8161 cell lines, apigenin up to 280 μM induced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and apoptosis with the increase in cleaved caspase 3 [ 37 ]. Apigenin was also shown to target the expression of the Kip/p27 protein in the WM1361B and WM983A melanoma cell lines, positively regulating it, resulting in a decrease in cyclin-D and cyclin-E, and in CDK2/4/6 proteins, which did not allow for breakage of the binding between the RB and E2F proteins, thus having a cell cycle arrest in the G1/G0 phase [ 34 ]. These data show that apigenin has the ability to target relevant points in several signaling pathways of the melanoma cells ( Figure 3 , Table 1 ).…”