Aphid Take-off in Controlled Wind Speeds

Haine, E.

doi:10.1038/175474a0

Cited by 52 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Different statistical techniques used to describe the effects of meteorological parameters on aphid flight behaviour in autumn and spring consistently showed a major impact of temperature, global radiation and wind speed (tables 2–5). This is in broad agreement with reports from the literature (Haine 1955; Robert 1987; Kennedy 1990; Bottenberg and Irwin 1991; Nottingham et al. 1991; Malloch et al.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Forecasting migration of cereal aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in autumn and spring

Klueken

Hau

Ulber

et al. 2009

J Applied Entomology

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The migration of cereal aphids and the time of their arrival on winter cereal crops in autumn and spring are of particular importance for plant disease (e.g. barley yellow dwarf virus infection) and related yield losses. In order to identify days with migration potentials in autumn and spring, suction trap data from 29 and 45 case studies (locations and years), respectively, were set-off against meteorological parameters, focusing on the early immigration periods in autumn (22 September to 1 November) and spring (1 May to 9 June). The number of cereal aphids caught in a suction trap increased with increasing temperature, global radiation and duration of sunshine and decreased with increasing precipitation, relative humidity and wind speed. According to linear regression analyses, the temperature, global radiation and wind speed were most frequently and significantly associated with migration, suggesting that they have a major impact on flight activity. For subsequent model development, suction trap catches from different case studies were pooled and binarily classified as days with or without migration as defined by a certain number of migrating cereal aphids. Linear discriminant analyses of several predictor variables (assessed during light hours of a given day) were then performed based on the binary response variables. Three models were used to predict days with suction trap catches ‡1, ‡4 or ‡10 migrating cereal aphids in autumn. Due to the predominance of Rhopalosiphum padi individuals (99.3% of total cereal aphid catch), no distinction between species (R. padi and Sitobion avenae) was made in autumn. As the suction trap catches were lower and species dominance changed in spring, three further models were developed for analysis of all cereal aphid species, R. padi only, and Metopolophium dirhodum and S. avenae combined in spring. The empirical, cross-classification and receiver operating characteristic analyses performed for model validation showed different levels of prediction accuracy. Additional datasets selected at random before model construction and parameterization showed that predictions by the six migration models were 33-81% correct. The models are useful for determining when to start field evaluations. Furthermore, they provide information on the size of the migrating aphid population and, thus, on the importance of immigration for early aphid population development in cereal crops in a given season.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Forecasting migration of cereal aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in autumn and spring

Klueken

Hau

Ulber

et al. 2009

J Applied Entomology

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“…This, together with the finding that gynoparae are faster upward fliers than virginoparae, offers support to other distinctions in flight behaviour referred to in the literature. Thus M.persicae and A.fabae are reported to fly higher in the autumn (gynoparae) than they do in the summer (alate virginoparae) (see Kennedy et al, 1959a), A.fabae gynoparae take off at higher wind speeds (3.2 m/s) than summer alates (1.3-2.7 m/s: Haine, 1955) while gynoparae of Rhopalosiphum padi will fly at lower temperatures (9-1WC) than summer forms (13-14°C: Wiktelius, 1981). Indeed, each of these observations substantiates the idea that gynoparae 'possess an intense urge to fly' (Bodenheimer & Swirski, 1956).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The autumn forms fly higher (see Kennedy et al, 1959a), take off at higher wind speeds (Haine, 1955) and fly at lower temperatures (Wiktelius, 1981). The present study examines differences between these two migrant forms of the black bean aphid (Aphisfahae Scop.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The visual responses of free‐flying summer and autumn forms of the black bean aphid, Aphis fabae, in an automated flight chamber

David

Hardie

1988

Physiological Entomology

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Summer (virginoparae) and autumn (gynoparae) winged forms of Aphisfabae were flown in an automated flight chamber for up to 100 min, while being exposed to a small green target at their own level for 5 s of eac,h minute. Virginoparae climbed more slowly than gynoparae and responded to the target by turning towards it throughout experimental flights. Gynoparae, on the other hand, were almost completely unresponsive to the target, although some individuals began to respond after an hour or more of flight. The differences between the two migratory forms are discussed with reference to previous work on aphid flight behaviour in the field and the laboratory.

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“…Johnson, 1953Johnson, , 1957Johnson, , 1959Haine, 1955). These alatae, however, autolyse their wing muscles early in life; whilst the Callaphididae, which include many tree species, produce alatae which can fly throughout their life (B.…”

Section: Migration Of Terrestrial Arthropods and Habitatmentioning

confidence: 99%