Aphasia in dementia of the Alzheimer type

Cummings, Jeffrey L.; Benson, D. Frank; Hill, Mary Ann; Read, Stephen L.

doi:10.1212/wnl.35.3.394

Cited by 316 publications

(126 citation statements)

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“…Several studies did not find any distinctive differences between EOAD and LOAD patients (Cummings et al, 1985;Bayles et al, 1987;Grady et al, 1987;Selnes et al, 1988;Toyota et al, 2007) or have attributed such differences to dementia severity (Jacobs et al, 1994;Smits et al, 2012). Regarding memory, a relative sparing of memory in EOAD has been reported (Binetti et al, 1996;Smits et al, 2012), while several studies have found that LOAD patients present primarily with memory difficulties (Jacobs et al, 1994;Imamura et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-onset and late-onset Alzheimer's disease are associated with distinct patterns of memory impairment

Joubert

Gour

Guedj

et al. 2016

Cortex

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The goal of this study was to investigate the specific patterns of memory breakdown in patients suffering from early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). Twenty EOAD patients, twenty LOAD patients, twenty matched younger controls, and twenty matched older controls participated in this study.All participants underwent a detailed neuropsychological assessment, an MRI scan, an FDG-PET scan, and AD patients had biomarkers as supporting evidence of both amyloïdopathy and neuronal injury. Results of the neuropsychological assessment showed that both EOAD and LOAD groups were impaired in the domains of memory, executive functions, language, praxis, and visuoconstructional abilities, when compared to their respective control groups. EOAD and LOAD groups, however, showed distinct patterns of memory impairment. Even though both groups were similarly affected on measures of episodic, short term and working memory, in contrast semantic memory was significantly more impaired in LOAD than in EOAD patients. The EOAD group was not more affected than the LOAD group in any memory domain. EOAD patients, however, showed significantly poorer performance in other cognitive domains including executive functions and visuoconstructional abilities. A more detailed analysis of the pattern of semantic memory performance among patient groups revealed that the LOAD was more profoundly impaired, in tasks of both spontaneous recall and semantic recognition.Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM) analyses showed that impaired semantic performance in patients was associated with reduced gray matter volume in the anterior temporal lobe region, while PET-FDG analyses revealed that poorer semantic performance was associated with greater hypometabolism in the left temporoparietal region, both areas reflecting key regions of the semantic network. Results of this study indicate that EOAD and LOAD patients present with distinct patterns of memory impairment, and that a genuine semantic impairment may represent one of the clinical hallmarks of LOAD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-onset and late-onset Alzheimer's disease are associated with distinct patterns of memory impairment

Joubert

Gour

Guedj

et al. 2016

Cortex

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“…En primer lugar, el hecho de que las tareas de naturaleza verbal, como la fluidez y la memoria lógica discriminen mejor el deterioro cognitivo de lo que no lo es concuerda con los resultados obtenidos por diversos autores (Cummings, Benson y Hill, 1985;Kertesz, Appel y Fisman, 1986;Hart, Kwentus, Taylor y Harkins, 1987;Emery, 1992). En segundo lugar, el hecho de que la metamemoria se deteriore significa-tivamente en los deprimidos muestra por qué muchos sujetos con depresión acuden a las consultas generales o especializadas con el temor a sufrir algún tipo de demencia, resultado que confimna lo hallado por otros autores (Bazargan y Barbre, 1994;McDougall, 1994;Dellefield y McDougall, 1996).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Depresión en la vejez : evaluación, variables implicadas y relación con el deterioro cognitivo

Postigo¹,

Rodríguez²

1997

RPPC

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RESUMENSe ha evaluado la depresión y el deterioro cognltlvo en una muestra de ancianos con una un conjunto de pruebas que incluye tests neuropslcológicos, la escala de depresión del Cenins de Estudios Epidemiológicos (CES-D) y la que utiliza los criterios del DSM-lll-R. Las dos escalas muestran un gran coincidencia en la evaluación de la depresión. La prevalencia de la depresión disminuye con la edad hasta los 80 anos, momento en el que se invierte la tendencia, es mayor en las mujeres, en los que viven en una residencia y en los que tienen un nivel de estudios más bajo. A partir de los 80 anos aumenta el diagnóstico conjunto depresión-demencia y la probabilidad de confusión en el mismo, sobre todo en los sujetos con un nivel de estudios bajo, por lo que se apunta la necesidad de que en los estudios sobre la depresión en la vejez se incluyan pruebas neuropsicológicas, especialmente de recuerdo demorado, fluidez verísal, memoria lógica y metamemoría, para diferenciar ambos estados.Palabras clave: Depresión, demencia, vejez, CES-D, DSM-lll-R, evaluación neuropsicológica. ABSTRACTIt has been evaluated the depression and the cognitive impainnent In an sample of eideríy subjects wlth a set of tests that include neuropsychological tests, the Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D) and the one which uses the críteria of DSM-lll-R. The two scales show a great coincidence in the evaluation of depression. The prevalence of depression decreasses with the age until 80 years, moment in wich the trend Is invested, it is greater in woman, in those who live in a residence and those who have a lower studies level. After 80 years increases the diganostic joint depressioncognitive and the probability of confusión in the same, above all in the subjects with a studies level less. Therefore, it is noted the need of include neuropsychological tests in the studies on depression in aging, fundamentally delayed recall, verbal fluency, logical memory and metamemory tests, to differentiate both states.

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“…The common symptoms are: memory loss, confusion, irritability, aggression, trouble with language, and mood swings [26]. The most significant effect on functional communication skills that accompanies Alzheimer's disease (AD) is aphasia [27], a loss of oral communicative ability like breakdowns in semantic processing, shallow vocabularies and word-finding difficulties leading to the deterioration of spontaneous speech [28]. The Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) is a cognitive grading scale used in the assessment of patients first described by Folstein et al [29] in 1975 and Verbal picture descriptions later became the other precise measures for assessing spontaneous speech in AD.…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%