Aphallia: do sociocultural issues affect treatment decisions?

Palacios-Juárez, Julio; Hanson-Viana, Erik; Rodríguez-Quintero, Jorge Humberto; Morales-Maza, Jesús

doi:10.1136/bcr-2018-226459

Cited by 2 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“… 9. J Palacios-Juarez et al, 2018 [ 3 ] 1 month old - Absence of penis • Absence of penis and urethra along with a well-formed scrotum and both normally descended testicles. • CT scan: Revealed a functional but hypoplastic right kidney and the presence of a vesicorectal fistula.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most cases were reported in the USA which were 31% (n:13) of all cases [ 2 , 7 , 8 , 12 , 16 , 30 , 32 – 34 ], followed by India with 21% (n:9) [ 14 , 18 , 19 , 21 , 25 , 29 , 34 ] Iran with 12% (n:5) [ 5 , 13 , 17 ], China with 7.3% [ 1 , 6 , 23 ], Turkey with 4% (n:2) [ 15 , 31 ], France with 4% (n:2) [ 23 , 27 ], Japan with 4% (n:2) [ 26 , 27 ], Morocco with 4% (n:2) [ 9 , 10 ], Mexico with 2% (n:1) [ 3 ], UK with 2% (n:1) [ 11 ], and Senegal with 2% (n:1) [ 22 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of cases involve males with 97% (n:40) of all cases (1–3,7–29), and 2% (n:1) was female [ 2 ]. Of the 35 cases, the majority with 48% (n:20) cases were term neonates [ 2 , 3 , 8 – 12 , 14 , 17 , 18 , 21 , 22 , 25 , 28 , 30 , 33 ], while 19% (n:8) were preterm neonates [ 2 , 13 , 24 , 26 , 32 , 34 ], 9% (n:4) were infants [ 1 , 16 , 25 , 34 ], 9% (n:4) were under five [ 5 , 7 , 19 , 27 ],and 12% (n:5) were over 5 years old [ 6 , 15 , 23 , 29 , 31 ]. The patient with the lowest gestational age was 31 weeks [ 13 ], with the oldest patient ‘s age was 31 years old [ 23 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On physical examination, as many as 95% (n:39) cases reported scrotum development, and 2% (n:1) case reported well-formed labia major [ 2 ]. From 39 cases, 85% (n:35) cases reported normal scrotum development [ 1 – 3 , 5 – 19 , 22 – 25 , 27 – 31 , 33 , 34 ], and 9% (n:4) reported bifid scrotum [ 13 , 21 , 26 , 32 ]. Almost all male cases reported testicular development (with 39 of the 40), with 82% (n:34) with descending testis [ 1 – 3 , 5 – 7 , 9 – 23 , 25 – 30 , 32 – 34 ] and 12% (n:5) with undescendent testes [ 8 , 24 , 25 , 31 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both the immediate and long-term management of aphallia patients pose a major dilemma [ 1 ] Patients are at risk for psychosocial and psychosexual challenges throughout life [ 3 ]. These patients require a multidisciplinary approach that often includes psychologists, endocrinologists, pediatric urologists, pediatric surgeons, plastic surgeons and social workers because not all community health care centers have access to every one of the specialties mentioned above [ 3 ]. In this review we aim to address the variability of disease presentation, the associated anomalies of the disease and will review the current knowledge of the treatment options in all age patients of aphallia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aphallia - congenital absence of the penis: a systematic review

Yuri,

Yunir,

Utama

et al. 2024

BMC Urol

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Background Aphallia is a rare congenital anomaly often associated with other urogenital anomalies. The management of aphallia cases for both the immediate and long-term treatment of patients with aphallia pose a major dilemma. Patients are at risk for psychosocial and psychosexual challenges throughout life. Methods A systematic review was conducted on aphallia cases. We searched online databases until March 2023 for relevant articles and performed according to the PRISMA-P guidelines. Results Of the 43 articles screened, there were 33 articles included. A total of 41 patients were analyzed qualitatively. Asia is the region with the most aphallia cases with 53% (n:22), while the United States is the country with the most most reported aphallia cases 31% (n:13). Most cases were identified as male sex (n: 40), and most cases were neonate with 68% (n:28) cases. Physical examination generally found 85% (N = 35) with normal scrotal development and palpable testes. The most affected system with anomalies is the genitourinary system with fistulas in 80% (n:29) cases. Initial management in 39% (n:16) of patients involved vesicostomy. Further management of 31% (n:13) included phalloplasty or penile reconstruction, and 12% (n:5) chose female sex. 17% (n:7) of patients refused medical treatment or were lost to follow-up, and 12% (n = 5) patients deceased. Conclusion Aphallia is a rare condition and is often associated with other inherited genitourinary disorders. In most cases, physical examinations are normal except for the absence of a phallus, and laboratory testing shows normal results. The initial management typically involves the vesicostomy procedure. Subsequent management focuses on gender determination. Currently, male sex is preferred over female. Due to the significant variability, the rarity of cases, and the lack of long-term effect reporting in many studies on aphallia, further research is needed to minimize bias.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Aphallia - congenital absence of the penis: a systematic review

Yuri,

Yunir,

Utama

et al. 2024

BMC Urol

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Penile agenesis (afallia) in pueros

Kagantsov

Dubrov²,

Сизонов

et al. 2021

Russian Journal of Pediatric Surgery

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Introduction. Penile agenesis (aphallia) is an extremely rare congenital defect characterized by the complete absence of the penis in a child with a male karyotype 46XY.Material. The analysis of the literature on keywords in the Pubmed and Medline databases was carried out.Results. The incidence of aphallia is estimated 1 out of 10-40 million newborn boys. Aphallia, in spite of its rarity, is a congenital defect which is thoroughly described in the medical literature. The combination of agenesis of the penis with other congenital anomalies often leads to death in such children. Currently, it is believed that these patients should be left with their genetic male sex, therefore, there is a difficult dilemma of choosing the optimal method and age for creating the neophallus and neourethra.Conclusions. The rarity of the aphallia determines the lack of publications covering the long-term results of phalloplasty in both children and adults.

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Aphallia: do sociocultural issues affect treatment decisions?

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

Aphallia - congenital absence of the penis: a systematic review

Aphallia - congenital absence of the penis: a systematic review

Penile agenesis (afallia) in pueros

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