Apelin and its receptor APJ in cardiovascular diseases

Yu, Xiaohua; Tang, Zhi-Bin; Liu, Li-Jing; Qian, Hong; Tang, Shilin; Zhang, Da Wei; Tian, Guo-Ping; Tang, Chao-Ke

doi:10.1016/j.cca.2013.09.001

Cited by 109 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Apelin is a signal peptide that influences several aspects of cardiac, digestive, brain, and vascular function, including regulation of oxygen levels. The peptide and its receptor encoded by APLNR have been implicated in cardiovascular disease (Yu et al, 2014) and regulation of fluid homeostasis (O’Carroll et al, 2013). …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Neanderthal-Introgressed Sequences on the Landscape of Human Gene Expression

McCoy

Wakefield

Akey

2017

Cell

157

155

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SUMMARY Regulatory variation influencing gene expression is a key contributor to phenotypic diversity, both within and between species. Unfortunately, RNA degrades too rapidly to be recovered from fossil remains, limiting functional genomic insights about our extinct hominin relatives. Many Neanderthal sequences survive in modern humans due to ancient hybridization, providing an opportunity to assess their contributions to transcriptional variation and test hypotheses about regulatory evolution. We developed a flexible Bayesian statistical approach to quantify allele-specific expression (ASE) in complex RNA-seq datasets. We identified widespread expression differences between Neanderthal and modern human alleles, indicating pervasive cis-regulatory impacts of introgression. Brain regions and testes exhibited significant downregulation of Neanderthal alleles relative to other tissues, consistent with natural selection influencing the tissue-specific regulatory landscape. Our study demonstrates that Neanderthal- inherited sequences are not silent remnants of ancient interbreeding, but have measurable impacts on gene expression that contribute to variation in modern human phenotypes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Neanderthal-Introgressed Sequences on the Landscape of Human Gene Expression

McCoy

Wakefield

Akey

2017

Cell

157

155

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“…Apelin is produced as an immature 77-amino acid prepropeptide that can be cleaved by proteases into C-terminal fragments, including apelin-12, apelin-13, and apelin-36 28 . Apelins are widely expressed in neuronal cell bodies and fibres throughout the entire neuraxis 29 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective evaluation of the diagnostic value of plasma apelin 12 levels for differentiating patients with moyamoya and intracranial atherosclerotic diseases

Jiang

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Patients with moyamoya disease (MMD) or intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) experience similar cerebral ischaemic events. However, MMD patients show greater angiogenesis and arteriogenesis, which play crucial roles in collateral circulation development to enhance clinical prognosis and outcome. Apelins have been associated with angiogenesis and arteriogenesis. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine whether apelin levels were higher in patients with MMD than in patients with ICAD or in healthy controls. We compared plasma apelin levels in 29 patients with MMD, 82 patients with ICAD, and 25 healthy participants. Twelve-hour fasting blood samples were collected and analysed using commercially available kits. Univariate analyses indicated that compared with the ICAD and healthy control groups, the MMD group had higher apelin-12, apelin-13, apelin-36, and nitric oxide levels. Binary logistic regression analyses further showed that the plasma apelin-12 level was substantially higher in MMD patients than in ICAD patients. Patients with MMD were also differentiated from patients with ICAD by their mean ages, with the former being younger. Therefore, the plasma apelin-12 level is a potential diagnostic marker for differentiating MMD and ICAD and may provide a treatment strategy for enhancing collateral circulation development and clinical prognosis and outcome.

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“…To be noticed, high glucose plus insulin caused down-regulation of APLN in ECs but up-regulation of APLN in human adipocytes. The apelin effects on atherosclerosis are different between vascular smooth muscle cells and ECs (Yu et al, 2014). Therefore, the genetic effects might differ when it expressed in different cell types.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%