Apatite‐forming ability (bioactivity) of ProRoot MTA

Abstract

The study confirms the ability of ProRoot MTA to form a superficial layer of apatite within hours. The excellent bioactivity of ProRoot MTA might provide a significant clinical advantage over the traditional cements used for root-end or root-perforation repair.

The hydration chemistry of ProRoot MTA

“…The FTIR spectrum of ProRoot MTA (Figs. 2(b) and 3(b)) obtained in this study is similar to those reported by other researchers 5,6) . The combination band centerd at 935 cm −1 and the signal at 525 cm −1 are, respectively, assigned to Si-O stretching and bending modes of the silicate tetrahedra of alite and belite 13) .…”

“…The ettringite subsequently converts to 'monosulphate' (aka 'AFm', 4CaO•Al 2O3•SO3•12H2O) and water which are thermodynamically more stable 3) . The setting reactions of ProRoot MTA have been investigated using a range of instrumental techniques, including powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman and infra-red spectroscopies, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis [5][6][7][8][9][10] . Despite 20 years of clinical application, some fundamental aspects of the hydration chemistry of ProRoot MTA are not well understood.…”

Effect of Additives on Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Setting Reaction Product Formation

“…Ca +2 then reacts with phosphate (if present in surrounding solution), producing a uniform thickness of apatite at 7 days. 26,27 As mentioned earlier, even if physical properties are maintained or enhanced when MTA is mixed with additives, will it possess equivalent biological properties? Unfortunately, limited studies are available to address this.…”

“…One should recognize that the bioactivity of MTA is attributed to hydration of the powder causing Ca +2 dissolution and diffusion, reaction product formation (C-S-H and Ca[OH]2), and further reactions resulting in apatite formation. 3,26,27 It is conceivable that any changes to the setting reaction and reaction product formation may impact the formation of this bioactive layer. With this in mind, the objective of this study was to examine the effect additives have on MTA's setting time and setting reaction using DSC.…”

Propriedades físico-químicas e biológicas de cimento experimental à base de Portland associado a diferentes radiopacificadores

“…Estudos clínicos e laboratoriais demonstraram que este material é capaz de promover o reparo dos tecidos perirradiculares quando utilizado em diferentes procedimentos (HOLLAND, et al, 2001c;CHONG;HUDSON, 2003;FARSI, et al, 2006). O MTA apresenta, também, propriedades físicas e químicas caracterizadas pelo tempo de presa longo e pH elevado (PARIROKH; TORABINEJAD, 2010), além de ser considerado um material bioativo devido à capacidade de formar uma superfície cristalina de apatita, interagindo com as superfícies em contato (GANDOLFI, et al, 2010).…”