Apathy in Dementia: An Examination of the Psychometric Properties of the Apathy Evaluation Scale

Clarke, Diana E.; Reekum, Robert van; Simard, Martine; Streiner, David L.; Freedman, M.; Conn, D.

doi:10.1176/appi.neuropsych.19.1.57

Cited by 59 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Depressed subjects were divided into apathetic (AES ≥ 36.5) and non-apathetic (AES < 36.5) groups (Clarke et al, 2007). There were no significant differences in demographics, severity of depression, overall cognitive impairment, memory, and response inhibition between apathetic and non-apathetic depressed subjects at baseline (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) (Montgomery and Asberg, 1979). Apathy was quantified using the self-rated Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES), a psychometrically validated instrument in older normal individuals and psychiatric patients (Clarke et al, 2007, Marin et al, 1991). Overall cognitive impairment was examined in a clinical interview and was rated with the MMSE (Folstein et al, 1975) and the Dementia Rating Scale (DRS) (Mattis, 1988).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The salience network in the apathy of late‐life depression

Yuen

Gunning-Dixon

Hoptman

et al. 2014

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective Apathy is prevalent in late-life depression and predicts poor response to antidepressants, chronicity of depression, disability, and greater burden to caregivers. However, little is known about its neurobiology. Salience processing provides motivational context to stimuli. The aim of this study was to examine the salience network (SN) resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) pattern in elderly depressed subjects with and without apathy. Methods Resting-state functional MRI data were collected from 16 non-demented, non-MCI, elderly depressed subjects and 10 normal elderly subjects who were psychotropic-free for at least two weeks. The depressed group included 7 elderly, depressed subjects with high comorbid apathy and 9 with low apathy. We analyzed the rsFC patterns of the right anterior insular cortex (rAI), a primary node of the SN. Results Relative to non-apathetic depressed elderly, depressed elderly subjects with high apathy had decreased rsFC of the rAI to dorsal anterior cingulate and to subcortical/limbic components of the SN. Depressed elderly subjects with high apathy also exhibited increased rsFC of the rAI to right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and right posterior cingulate cortex when compared to non-apathetic depressed elderly. Conclusions Elderly depressed subjects with high apathy display decreased intrinsic rsFC of the SN and an altered pattern of SN rsFC to the right DLPFC node of the central executive network when compared to elderly non-apathetic depressed and normal, elderly subjects. These results suggest a unique biological signature of the apathy of late-life depression and may implicate a role for the rAI and SN in motivated behavior.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The salience network in the apathy of late‐life depression

Yuen

Gunning-Dixon

Hoptman

et al. 2014

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Cutoffs of >36.5 for the self-rated and >41.5 for the carer-rated versions were used [21]. Furthermore, the AES is composed of a 4 factor substructure, Cognitive, Behavioral, Emotional and Other factors [19], where subfactorial scores can be calculated.…”

Section: Procedures and Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these factors are not consistently reported in other research, e.g. [21], and the AES has only been validated as a one-dimensional measure of apathy [15]. The Scale for Assessment for Negative Symptoms [22] is also less commonly used measure of different types of negative symptoms, affective blunting, avolition/apathy and social/emotional withdrawal, which have overlap with some apathy subtypes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Assessment and Profiling of Multidimensional Apathy in Alzheimer’s Disease

Radaković

Starr

Abrahams

2017

JAD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Apathy was quantified using the self-rated Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES), a psychometrically validated instrument in older normal individuals (Marin et al 1991;Clarke et al 2007). The 18 items on the scale assess behavioral apathy symptoms (e.g., He/she spends time doing things that interest her/him), emotional apathy symptoms (e.g., When something good happens, he/she gets excited), and cognitive apathy symptoms (e.g., S/he is interested in things).…”

Section: Apathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Multidimensional model of apathy in older adults using partial least squares—path modeling

Raffard¹,

Bortolon²,

Burca³

et al. 2016

AGE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Apathy defined as a mental state characterized by a lack of goal-directed behavior is prevalent and associated with poor functioning in older adults. The main objective of this study was to identify factors contributing to the distinct dimensions of apathy (cognitive, emotional, and behavioral) in older adults without dementia. One hundred and fifty participants (mean age, 80.42) completed self-rated questionnaires assessing apathy, emotional distress, anticipatory pleasure, motivational systems, physical functioning, quality of life, and cognitive functioning. Data were analyzed using partial least squares variance-based structural equation modeling in order to examine factors contributing to the three different dimensions of apathy in our sample. Overall, the different facets of apathy were associated with cognitive functioning, anticipatory pleasure, sensitivity to reward, and physical functioning, but the contribution of these different factors to the three dimensions of apathy differed significantly. More specifically, the impact of anticipatory pleasure and physical functioning was stronger for the cognitive than for emotional apathy. Conversely, the impact of sensibility to reward, although small, was slightly stronger on emotional apathy. Regarding behavioral apathy, again we found similar latent variables except for the cognitive functioning whose impact was not statistically significant. Our results highlight the need to take into account various mechanisms involved in the different facets of apathy in older adults without dementia, including not only cognitive factors but also motivational variables and aspects related to physical disability. Clinical implications are discussed.

show abstract

Apathy in Dementia: An Examination of the Psychometric Properties of the Apathy Evaluation Scale

Cited by 59 publications

References 0 publications

The salience network in the apathy of late‐life depression

The salience network in the apathy of late‐life depression

A Novel Assessment and Profiling of Multidimensional Apathy in Alzheimer’s Disease

Multidimensional model of apathy in older adults using partial least squares—path modeling

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About