AP-7 into the nucleus accumbens disrupts acquisition but does not affect consolidation in a passive avoidance task

Martínez, G.; Ropero, Claudia; Funes, Andrea; Flores, Erica; Landa, Adriana I; Gargiulo, Pascual Ángel

doi:10.1016/s0031-9384(02)00696-0

Cited by 30 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…As it was previously said, NAS has been early involved in anxiety processes by us and another group [37,44,45], and after it, an important number of laboratories are showing additional evidences on the role of NAS in anxiety, citing our findings [12,15,16,43,65]. All these studies give support to a previous study using immunohistochemical staining for fos-like activity, mapping functional activation of discrete brain areas induced by anxiogenic situations.…”

supporting

confidence: 89%

“…The cannulae were double barreled and the set was composed of an outer guiding cannula stainless steel tubing (23 gauge, 15 mm in length), provided with a removable stylet (30 gauge, 15 mm in length) to avoid its obstruction. Cannulae were fixed to the skull using a screw and dental acrylic (Subiton, Argentina), as in previous studies [4,42,44,45]. Coordinates for Amy in respect to bregma were: A = -1 mm; L = ± 4.5 mm; V = -6.7 mm; for mPFC were: A = + 4 mm; L = ± 1 mm; V = -2.5 mm; for VH were: A = -3.6 mm; L = ± 4.5 mm; V = -4 mm.…”

Section: Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to previous works, we measured the time spent in the open arms (TSOA), time per entry (TPE, quotient between time spent in the open arms divided by the number of entries to open arms) [13,38,42,44,45], open and closed arms entries (OAE and CAE, respectively [19]; arm entry defined as all four paws into an arm), relationship between open and closed arms entries (OCAQ, open/closed arms quotient), and extreme arrivals (EA, defined as number of times the rat reaches the end of an open arms).…”

Section: Experimental Procedures and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some additional structures and systems appear to modulate or participate in anxiety processes [10,55,58]. It is the case of nucleus accumbens septi (NAS) that has been involved in anxiety processes by us and another group [38,44,45]. Glutamatergic transmission within NAS appears to be a key to understand this modulation [44,45].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is the case of nucleus accumbens septi (NAS) that has been involved in anxiety processes by us and another group [38,44,45]. Glutamatergic transmission within NAS appears to be a key to understand this modulation [44,45]. It has been postulated that hippocampus (Hip) exerts a facilitatory and modulatory effect on NAS afferents from AMY and prefrontal cortex (PFC) that converges in NAS sending glutamatergic projections [28,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential behavioral profile induced by the injection of dipotassium chlorazepate within brain areas that project to the nucleus accumbens septi

López

Caif

Fraile

et al. 2013

Pharmacological Reports

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Abstract:Background: The effect of the agonism on g-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors was studied within medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), amygdala (AMY) and ventral hipocampus (VH) in the plus-maze test in male rats bilaterally cannulated. These structures send glutamatergic projections to the nucleus accumbens septi (NAS), in which interaction and integration between these afferent pathways has been described. In a previous study of our group, blockade of glutamatergic transmission within NAS induced an anxiolytic like effect. Methods: Three rat groups received either saline or dipotassium chlorazepate (1 or 2 µg/1 µl solution) 15 min before testing. Time spent in the open arms (TSOA), time per entry (TPE), extreme arrivals (EA), open and closed arms entries (OAE, CAE) and relationship between open-and closed-arms quotient (OCAQ) were recorded. Results: In the AMY injected group TSOA, OAE and EA were increased by the higher doses of dipotassium chlorazepate (p < 0.01). In the mPFC, TPE was decreased by both doses (p < 0.05). Injection within ventral hippocampus (VH) decreased TSOA, OAE and OCAQ with lower doses (p < 0.05). When the three studied saline groups were compared, TSOA, OAE, EA and OCAQ were enhanced in the VH group when compared to mPFC and AMY (p < 0.001). Insertion of inner canula (p < 0.001, p < 0.01, p < 0.01) and saline injection showed an increasing significant difference (p < 0.001 in all cases) with the action of guide cannula alone within VH in TSOA, OAE and EA. Conclusion: We conclude that the injection of dipotassium chlorazepate has a differential effect depending of the brain area, leading to facilitatory and inhibitory effects on anxiety processing.

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supporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Experimental Procedures and Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Differential behavioral profile induced by the injection of dipotassium chlorazepate within brain areas that project to the nucleus accumbens septi

López

Caif

Fraile

et al. 2013

Pharmacological Reports

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Developmental patterns of NMDAR expression within the song system do not recur during adult vocal plasticity in zebra finches

et al. 2003

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All songbirds learn to sing during postnatal development but then display species differences in the capacity to learn song in adulthood. While the mechanisms that regulate avian vocal plasticity are not well characterized, one contributing factor may be the composition of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDAR). Previous studies of an anterior forebrain pathway implicated in vocal plasticity revealed significant regulation of NMDAR subunit expression during the developmental sensitive period for song learning. Much less is known about the developmental regulation of NMDAR subunit expression in regions that participate more directly in motor aspects of song behavior. We show here that an increase in NR2A subunit mRNA and a decrease in NR2B subunit mRNA within the vocal motor pathway accompany song learning in zebra finches; however, manipulations that can alter the timing of song learning did not alter the course of these developmental changes. We also tested whether adult deafening, a treatment that provokes vocal change in songbirds that normally sing a stable song throughout adulthood, would render NMDAR subunit expression more similar to that observed developmentally. We report that NR2A and NR2B mRNA levels did not change within the anterior forebrain or vocal motor pathways after adult deafening, even after substantial changes in song structure. These results indicate that vocal plasticity does not require "juvenile patterns" of NMDAR gene expression in the avian song system.

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Acute sublethal global hypoxia induces transient increase of GAP‐43 immunoreactivity in the striatum of neonatal rats

Valdéz

Patterson

Ezquer

et al. 2006

Synapse

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We assessed immunoreactivity (IR) in the cerebral cortex (CC), hippocampus (Hipp), and striatum (ST) of a growth-associated protein, GAP-43, and of proteins of the synaptic vesicle fusion complex: VAMP-2, Syntaxin-1, and SNAP-25 (SNARE proteins) throughout postnatal development of rats after submitting the animals to acute global postnatal hypoxia (6.5% O(2), 70 min) at postnatal day 4 (PND4). In the CC only the IR of the SNARE protein SNAP-25 increased significantly with age. The hypoxic animals showed the same pattern of IR for SNAP-25, although with lower levels at PND11, and also a significant increase of VAMP-2. SNAP-25 (control): PND11 P < 0.001 vs. PND18, 25, and 40, SNAP-25 (hypoxic): P < 0.001 vs. PND18, 25, and 40; VAMP-2 (hypoxic): P < 0.05 PND11 vs. PND18, and P < 0.01 vs. PND25 and PND40; one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-test. In the Hipp, SNAP-25 and syntaxin-1 increased significantly with age, reaching a plateau at PND25 through PND40 in control animals (one-way ANOVA: syntaxin-1: P = 0.043; Bonferroni: NS; SNAP-25: P = 0.013; Bonferroni: P < 0.01 PND11 vs. PND40). Hypoxic rats showed higher levels of significance in the one-way ANOVA than controls (syntaxin-1: P = 0.009; Bonferroni: P < 0.05 PND11 vs. PND25 and P < 0.001 PND11 vs. PND40). In the ST, GAP-43 differed significantly among hypoxic and control animals and the two-way ANOVA revealed significant differences with age (F = 3.23; P = 0.037) and treatment (F = 4.84; P = 0.036). VAMP-2 expression also reached statistical significance when comparing control and treated animals (F = 6.25, P = 0.018) without changes regarding to age. Elevated plus maze test performed at PND40 indicated a lower level of anxiety in the hypoxic animals. At adulthood (12 weeks) learning, memory and locomotor abilities were identical in both groups of animals. With these results, we demonstrate that proteins of the presynaptic structures of the ST are sensitive to acute disruption of homeostatic conditions, such as a temporary decrease of the O(2) concentration. Modifications in the activity of these proteins could contribute to the long term altered responses to stress due to acute hypoxic insult in the neonatal period.

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AP-7 into the nucleus accumbens disrupts acquisition but does not affect consolidation in a passive avoidance task

Cited by 30 publications

References 42 publications

Differential behavioral profile induced by the injection of dipotassium chlorazepate within brain areas that project to the nucleus accumbens septi

Differential behavioral profile induced by the injection of dipotassium chlorazepate within brain areas that project to the nucleus accumbens septi

Developmental patterns of NMDAR expression within the song system do not recur during adult vocal plasticity in zebra finches

Acute sublethal global hypoxia induces transient increase of GAP‐43 immunoreactivity in the striatum of neonatal rats

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