Aortoesophageal Fistula Occurring Due to Aortic Aneurysm

Abstract

Upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a rare presentation of the aortoesophageal fistula (AEF) and is usually caused by thoracic aortic aneurysms. We present the case of a 61-year-old male who presented with chest pain and hematemesis. A chest X-ray showed a widened mediastinum. The patient underwent computed tomography angiography (CTA), which showed the presence of a large aneurysm in the aorta, which caused compression of the trachea, esophagus, and left pulmonary artery. Additionally, there was evidence of an AEF. It was decided to perform an emergency surgical intervention on the patient. However, the patient had multiple episodes of hematemesis and expired.

Complicated infection in the mediastinum with aortoesophageal fistula—X‐ray and computed tomography imaging

“…Aortoesophageal fistula is a rare, but life-threatening complication of several conditions [1,2]. Computed tomography (CT) angiography is the diagnostic modality of choice [3,4]. There is no consensus on therapeutic strategy [1].…”

“…Recurrent hematemesis and deterioration of the patient's condition unfortunately led to a fatal outcome, without surgery. Chest pain and progressive hematemesis are typical clinical signs of fistula [4]. Earlier indication of CT angiography could possibly increase the chances of survival [2].…”