Aortic valve myxoma—A systematic review of published cases

Sachdeva, Sonali; Desai, Rupak; Shamim, Sofia; Gandhi, Zainab; Shrivastava, Ashish; Patel, Divyank; Lodhi, Muhammad Uzair; Raina, Jilmil; Itare, Vikram; Mahmood, Ahmed; Sachdeva, Rajesh; Kumar, Gautam

doi:10.1111/ijcp.14566

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Our case of aortic valve myxoma falls under this type, characterized by an irregular, villous surface and a gelatinous texture. Among the 16 aortic valve myxoma cases reviewed by Sachdeva et al [2] and our own case, 64% of them involved at least the right coronary cusp (11/17), and 29% of these cases resulted in ischemic cerebrovascular events (5/17). Our case is the only one who presenting with vision loss and tumors on all three cusps.…”

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confidence: 50%

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Aortic valve myxoma presenting with sudden visual loss

Wu,

Hsieh

2023

Formos J Surg

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confidence: 50%

“…[1] According to research, up to 25% of patients with aortic valve myxoma experience cerebrovascular events. [2] We are here to present a case of aortic valve myxoma presenting with sudden vision loss and tumors on all three cusps.…”

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confidence: 99%

Aortic valve myxoma presenting with sudden visual loss

Wu,

Hsieh

2023

Formos J Surg

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“…Indeed, MT-treated AIS secondary to left ventricle myxoma has been reported previously ( 17 ). A recent systematic review on aortic valve myxoma indicated that cerebrovascular events are one of the most common presentations of aortic valve myxoma ( 19 ). Interestingly, Rao et al reported an extremely rare case of recurrent stroke that was the result of a right ventricle myxoma and a patent foramen ovale.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Cardiac Myxoma: A Case Series and Pooled Analysis

et al. 2022

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Background and PurposeAcute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a common and life-threatening complication of patients with cardiac myxoma (CM). The role of the mechanical thrombectomy (MT) technique in CM-AIS patients remains unclear, and no guidelines exist for this population. Therefore, we conducted a case series study of MT in CM-AIS patients to investigate its safety and efficacy via a pooled analysis of published literature.MethodsEleven CM-AIS patients who underwent MT between 2016 and 2021 were screened from multicenter stroke databases. Clinical, procedural, and outcome data were obtained from medical records. A systematic review was conducted to identify additional cases from published studies by searching PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. We then performed a pooled analysis of the published cases.ResultsIn the case series study, most patients were male (81.8%), with a median age of 51 years. All patients had CM located in the left atrium. The rate of successful reperfusion using the first-line thrombectomy technique was 100% with stent retriever (SR) and 66.7% with direct aspiration (DA), which resulted in overall successful reperfusion in 94.1% of all occlusions. The retrieved emboli of the five patients who underwent histopathology examination were identified as myxoma components. Hemorrhagic transformation was observed in five (45.5%) patients, of whom one was symptomatic (9.1%). Three-month favorable functional outcomes were achieved in five (45.5%) patients with a 3-month mortality rate of 18.2%. For the literature review, 35 cases with 51 target vessel occlusions were identified and included in the pooled analysis. The rate of successful reperfusion following first-line thrombectomy did not differ between SR (30 patients, 90.9%) and DA (10 patients, 83.3%). The overall successful reperfusion rate was 91.8% of all occlusions. Three-month favorable functional outcomes were achieved in 21 (60.0%) patients, and the mortality rate was 8.6%.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that MT is not only an effective technique but also a safe option for CM-AIS patients with large vessel occlusion. MT has several advantages for this population, which include a high recanalization rate, low bleeding risk, and the ability to evaluate the source of emboli and the etiology of stroke.

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“…Cardiac myxoma is a benign tumor that can grow in four chambers or valves of the heart with a risk of recurrence, and the left atrium is the most likely site for tumor growth. 4,5 Small myxomas of the heart are often asymptomatic, but the larger tumors can lead to hemodynamic abnormalities, which can cause related clinical symptoms, such as chest tightness, orthopnea, breathlessness, cardiac arrest, and other signs of cardiac insufficiency. Myxoma of the heart can also cause embolization of the brain, coronary, visceral organs, and limb arteries due to the embolus detached from the tumor, 6 as well as autoimmune-related symptoms, such as blood abnormalities (decreased antithrombin (ATIII), heparin resistance, anemia, abnormal plasma albumin), fever, urticaria, poor appetite, emaciation, and systemic failure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cardiac myxoma is a benign tumor that can grow in four chambers or valves of the heart with a risk of recurrence, and the left atrium is the most likely site for tumor growth 4,5 . Small myxomas of the heart are often asymptomatic, but the larger tumors can lead to hemodynamic abnormalities, which can cause related clinical symptoms, such as chest tightness, orthopnea, breathlessness, cardiac arrest, and other signs of cardiac insufficiency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chylothorax caused by left atrial myxoma: A rare case report

Liao

Huang

et al. 2021

Journal of Cardiac Surgery

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Background: Myxoma is the most common tumor of the heart that can cause embolism, obstruction, and cardiac failure, but rarely causes chylothorax. We herein report a case of chylothorax caused by left atrial myxoma, which responded to diuretic therapy and was subsequently cured by resecting cardiac myxoma.Case presentation: This is a case of a 63-year-old male with symptoms of cardiac insufficiency who was diagnosed with a left atrial myxoma. The patient also had a massive pleural effusion on the right side, which was diagnosed as chylothorax by Sudan III staining and the content of triglyceride. The pleural effusion disappeared and the symptoms of heart failure were relieved after draining the effusion with a fine thoracic drainage tube, but pleural effusion and cardiac insufficiency symptoms relapsed soon. Although diuretic treatment can improve the symptoms and reduced the amount of chylous fluid preoperatively, the chylous pleural effusion was eventually cured by surgical removal of the tumor, and no recurrence of the tumor and chylothorax was found in the 6-month follow-up.Conclusions: Chylothorax is rare comorbidity of cardiac myxoma. Large myxoma can cause congestive heart failure and lead to disfunction of chylous reflux, resulting in chylothorax, which can be cured by resection of the primary tumor.

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Aortic valve myxoma—A systematic review of published cases

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Aortic valve myxoma presenting with sudden visual loss

Aortic valve myxoma presenting with sudden visual loss

Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke in Patients With Cardiac Myxoma: A Case Series and Pooled Analysis

Chylothorax caused by left atrial myxoma: A rare case report

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