Aortic dissection and Covid-19; a comprehensive systematic review

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 19 (Covid-19) has been declared as a pandemic disease since March 2020; causing wide array of signs and symptoms, many of which result in increased mortality rates worldwide. Although it was initially known as an acute respiratory disease, Covid-19 is accompanied with several extrapulmonary manifestations, of which the cardiovascular ones are of major importance. Among other cardiovascular complications of Covid-19, aortic dissection has been a significant yet underrated problem. The pathophysiology of aortic dissection consists of various inflammatory pathways, that could be influenced by Covid-19 infection. We herein have reviewed articles inclusive of aortic dissection concurrent with Covid-19 infection in a systematic manner, along with the probable similarities in pathophysiology of aortic dissection with Covid-19 infection.

Effective prognostic and clinical risk stratification in COVID‐19 using multimodality biomarkers

“…However, the mechanism underlying this observation is poorly understood. The occurrence of aortic dissection in acute COVID‐19 patients is relatively rare [322], and any potential link to aortic calcification is tenuous. Calcification of the aortic valve is also more pronounced in non‐surviving COVID‐19 patients but does not predict adverse clinical outcomes [321].…”

Describing post-traumatic stress disorder and its associations with depression, anxiety and insomnia: a descriptive study in Italian adults with Marfan syndrome during the COVID-19 third wave

“…Although acknowledging the relevance for clinical practice of describing how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted mental health, including PTSD and the psychological symptoms of depression, anxiety and sleep disorders, in patients with chronic conditions, 12 the available knowledge on the specific population of patients with MFS is still highly limited as the available research mainly focused on describing the adverse clinical episodes of these patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. 6 Thus far, the literature on PTSD, depression, anxiety and insomnia in patients with MFS during the COVID-19 pandemic is highly limited. [7][8][9][10] This gap undermines the possibility of determining which aspect has to be prioritised in supporting patients with MFS by enhancing educational and motivational activities, accounting for data derived from context-specific descriptions.…”

“…4 5 The COVID-19 pandemic triggered additional difficulties for the specific subgroup of patients with Marfan syndrome (MFS) because of their need to have access to care services, which determined the additional burdens to the ones required by managing their chronic condition. 6 MFS is a rare hereditary systemic connective tissue disease determined by a mutation in the Fibrillin-1 gene that codes for the protein. 7 MFS has an autosomal dominant transmission and an incidence of 1-5/10 000 in the general population; it can become symptomatic at any age and exhibits a wide range of symptoms, even within families.…”

Delayed Surgical Management of Acute Type A Aortic Dissection in a Patient with Recent COVID-19 Infection and Post-COVID-19 Bronchopneumonia—Case Report and Review of Literature

“…Although it is primarily an acute respiratory disease, extrapulmonary manifestations such as cardiovascular complications exist [ 4 ]. There have been reports that AD could be an extrapulmonary manifestation of this condition, considering that both share the same physiopathogenic mechanism [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ].…”