Aortic collagen, elastin and non-fibrous protein synthesis in rabbits fed cholesterol and peanut oil

Ehrhart, L A; Holderbaum, Daniel

doi:10.1016/0021-9150(80)90147-1

Cited by 26 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…These investigators also noted that collagen synthesis was preferentially increased in comparison to noncollagen synthesis by feeding rabbits a 2% cholesterol-8% peanut oil diet for 90 days. 20 Such evidence is consistent with other reports that the addition of peanut oil to the cholesterol-rich diet generates lesions that are more fibrotic. 45 It is of interest that previous studies indicated that prolyl hydroxylase activity was not elevated in 60 days after feeding a 2% cholesterol diet, but does become elevated in the aorta of rabbits fed this diet for 60 days followed by 20 or 30 days of feeding a cholesterol-free, regression diet.…”

supporting

confidence: 90%

Changes in aortic lysyl oxidase activity in diet-induced atherosclerosis in the rabbit.

Kagan¹,

Raghavan²,

Hollander³

1981

Arteriosclerosis

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This study assessed the response of lysyl oxidase, the enzyme that initiates covalent crosslinking in elastin and collagen, by studying the aortic tissue of rabbits after arteriosclerosis had been induced by diet. Rabbits in the experimental group were fed an atherogenic diet of rabbit chow supplemented with 8% peanut oil and 2% cholesterol for varying periods of time, while the control group was fed only rabbit chow. Lysyl oxidase activity was found to be distributed throughout the length of the thoracic and abdominal aortas of the normal rabbits. However, rabbits fed the atherogenic diet showed marked increases in enzyme activity in the aortic arch, a change that was initially evident after 30 days and became greatest (2.5 times that of the controls) after 90 days. Enzyme activity in the study rabbits increased only minimally in the abdominal aortic wall. Aortic prolyl hydroxylase activity measured after 60 days of feeding changed in degree and manner similar to lysyl oxidase activity. These region-specific changes in enzyme activities correlated with the distribution and severity of aortic lesions in this model of the disease. Lysyl oxidase activity increased dramatically in this model of atherosclerosis, suggesting that this extracellular enzyme activity may prove to be a vulnerable and accessible point of control of the fibrotic response in atherosclerosis. (Arteriosclerosis 1981; 1:287-291)

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supporting

confidence: 90%

Changes in aortic lysyl oxidase activity in diet-induced atherosclerosis in the rabbit.

Kagan¹,

Raghavan²,

Hollander³

1981

Arteriosclerosis

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“…There were no consistent changes in collagen and elastin contents in the aortas from either atherosclerotic group. These results are in agreement with those of Ehrhart and A. NOMA and Y. YOSHI DA Holderbaum [19], who observed increases in collagen and elastin biosynthesis and no change in their contents per unit of dry defatted weight in the aortas from cholesterol-fed rabbits.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Effect of Cholesterol Feeding and Pantethine Treatment on Complexes between Lipids a Arterial Connective Tissue Macromolecules in Specific Pathogen-Free Rabbits

Noma

Yoshida

1986

J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr.

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SummaryThe present study was designed to clarify the significance of complex formation of lipoproteins with extracellular connective tissue macromolecules during lipid accumulation in the arterial wall in SPF rabbits fed on a 0.5% cholesterol diet for six weeks. The effect of pantethine, a new hypolipidemic drug, on their complex formation and lipid accumulation was also studied. The levels of cholesterol bound to glycosaminoglycan, collagen and elastin in the aortic tissues were significantly increased in the atherogenic-diet group. The present results suggest the importance of complex formation of lipoproteins with elastin for lipid accumulation in atherosclerotic lesions. From the results on the ratios of oleic acid/linoleic acid in cholesteryl esters in the plasma and aortic elastin fractions, the cholesteryl esters accumulated on the connective tissue macromolecules in the atherosclerotic rabbits might be derived from the plasma directly, in addition to vascular cell-derived cholesteryl esters. Treatment with pantethine significantly reduced the increased levels of cholesterol in the plasma and the aortic tissues of the cholesterol-fed rabbits. The results suggest that pantethine acts directly on the arterial tissues, in addition to its hypolipidemic effect. These biochemical results were confirmed by the histological findings.

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“…Kritchevsky and co-workers 8 suggested that a cholesterol-PO interaction might explain PO atherogenicity in rabbits. They found differences in the composition of circulating cholesterol esters of rabbits fed PO or com oil; those fed PO circulated more cholesterol sterate and oleate than those fed corn oil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast to these descriptive data, biochemical determinations of collagen and elastin accumulation failed to reveal excessive concentrations of fibrous proteins in the arteries of peanut oil-fed rabbits. 8 The present study was designed to address the question of PO atherogenicity and the quantitative morphology of the intimal response under carefully controlled dietary challenge. Intimal thickness and composition were measured in the arteries of cynomolgus monkeys fed for 15 months on diets containing graded amounts of PO and a level of cholesterol approximating the human experience (0.1%).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Peanut oil reduces diet-induced atherosclerosis in cynomolgus monkeys.

Alderson¹,

Hayes²,

Nicolosi³

1986

Arteriosclerosis

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The atherogenicity of dietary peanut oil (PO) was examined in cynomolgus monkeys fed semipurified diets for 15 months. Four groups of six monkeys were fed diets containing 0.22 mg/kcal (0.1%) cholesterol and 0%, 5%, 10%, or 20% PO. An additional group was fed 2.0% cholesterol and 20% PO to serve as a literature control. Increasing the concentration of PO in the diet was associated with significant decreases in total plasma cholesterol (p < 0.05) and the total/HDL cholesterol ratio (p < 0.05) and an increase in the terminal HDL cholesterol concentration (p < 0.05). Intimal thickness and composition were determined from cross sections of the thoracic aorta and the iliac and coronary arteries. P eanut oil (PO) is reportedly atherogenic when fed to rats, 1 rabbits, 2 ' 6 and monkeys 3 despite a relatively high concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids. However, the majority of studies addressing this issue have been complicated by diets containing PO in combination with high levels of cholesterol or sucrose or both. In experiments in rats 1 and rabbits 4 with low levels of sucrose in the diet and no added cholesterol, atherosclerotic lesions were not found in the animals fed PO. The evidence suggesting PO is inordinately atherogenic in monkeys derives from studies in which rhesus monkeys were fed 2% cholesterol.3 However, weight gain as a percentage of the initial body weight (and by inference the total calorie and cholesterol intake) of the PO group was almost double that of com oil-fed monkeys and 50% greater than that in those fed butter. Thus, lesion development appeared to reflect the total cholesterol intake. When vervet monkeys were fed diets containing no added cholesterol, the atherogenicity of PO was no greater than that of corn oil.5 These results raise the question whether the atherogenicity attributed to PO is actually a reflection of a high cholesterol intake. Specific structural characteristics have also been attributed to the arterial lesions of peanut oil-fed animals. In rabbits 6 and monkeys, 37 these lesions have been described as dense and fibrocellular with relatively little lipid when compared to lesions of animals fed butter oil or a butter fat-coconut oil mixture. In contrast to these descriptive data, biochemical determinations of collagen and elastin accumulation failed to reveal excessive concentrations of fibrous proteins in the arteries of peanut oil-fed rabbits. 8The present study was designed to address the question of PO atherogenicity and the quantitative morphology of the intimal response under carefully controlled dietary challenge. Intimal thickness and composition were measured in the arteries of cynomolgus monkeys fed for 15 months on diets containing graded amounts of PO and a level of cholesterol approximating the human experience (0.1%). An additional group was fed a PO diet containing 2% cholesterol to serve as a literature control.The results indicate that an increased PO intake is protective in terms of cholesterolemia and is associated with reduced atherogenesis when c...

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Aortic collagen, elastin and non-fibrous protein synthesis in rabbits fed cholesterol and peanut oil

Cited by 26 publications

References 18 publications

Changes in aortic lysyl oxidase activity in diet-induced atherosclerosis in the rabbit.

Changes in aortic lysyl oxidase activity in diet-induced atherosclerosis in the rabbit.

Effect of Cholesterol Feeding and Pantethine Treatment on Complexes between Lipids a Arterial Connective Tissue Macromolecules in Specific Pathogen-Free Rabbits

Peanut oil reduces diet-induced atherosclerosis in cynomolgus monkeys.

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