“…In relation to human radiation risk estimates, the most valuable experimental studies are those studying in vivo biological effects. Radio-adaptation or effects of low-dose irradiation have been demonstrated in vivo in mice for a variety of biological endpoints related to cellular toxicity and genotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation and immunity [ 18 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Increased lifespan, enhanced survival following high-dose radiation, decreased spontaneous and radiation-induced carcinogenic potential and suppression of tumour metastases have been identified as health risks in mice that are modified following chronic or acute low-dose irradiation [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ].…”