Anxiety-related behavior of orphan chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) at Gombe National Park, Tanzania

Botero, María Mercedes; MacDonald, Suzanne E.; Miller, Rowland S.

doi:10.1007/s10329-012-0327-1

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Although there are several neural circuits affected by early-life adversity, the amygdala is a suitable choice for discussion because it develops early in postnatal life (Gilmore, et al, 2012; Humphrey, 1968; Ulfig, Setzer, & Bohl, 2003) mediates many of the emotional difficulties exhibited by those who experienced early-life adversity (e.g., hyper-emotionality), and because it is rich with stress hormone receptors particularly in early postnatal life (Avishai-Eliner, Yi, & Baram, 1996; Baram & Hatalski, 1998; Fenoglio, Brunson, Avishai-Eliner, Chen, & Baram, 2004; Moriceau, et al, 2004; Vazquez, et al, 2006). Youths who have experienced early caregiver deprivation tend to be highly anxious (Casey, et al, 2009; Goff, et al, 2012; Tottenham, et al, 2010; Zeanah, et al, 2009), as has been found in other species that have experienced maternal deprivation (Berman, Rasmussen, & Suomi, 1994; Botero, Macdonald, & Miller, 2013; Caldji, et al, 1998; Callaghan & Richardson, 2013; Macri, Laviola et al, 2010; Sabatini, et al, 2007). Youths with a history of early neglect have exhibited enlarged amygdala volumes in samples that have included PI youths (Mehta, et al, 2009; Tottenham, et al, 2010; but see Sheridan, Fox, Zeanah, McLaughlin, & Nelson, 2012) and youths whose mothers with post-partum depression (and presumably would have provided little direct caregiving)(Lupien, et al, 2011).…”

Section: The Development Of Affective Behaviors (Humans)mentioning

confidence: 63%

The Importance of Early Experiences for Neuro-Affective Development

Tottenham

2013

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences

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Section: The Development Of Affective Behaviors (Humans)mentioning

confidence: 63%

The Importance of Early Experiences for Neuro-Affective Development

Tottenham

2013

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences

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“…Note, however, that female primates are much more likely to suffer from a lack of maternal support than to benefit from it, not only in terms of rank outcomes (Fig. 2), but also in terms of behavioural and social development (Botero et al, 2013; Clay & de Waal, 2013; Missakian et al, 1972), as well as mortality risk (Hasegawa & Hiraiwa, 1980). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex sources of variance in female dominance rank in a nepotistic society

et al. 2014

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Many mammalian societies are structured by dominance hierarchies, and an individual’s position within this hierarchy can influence reproduction, behaviour, physiology and health. In nepotistic hierarchies, which are common in cercopithecine primates and also seen in spotted hyaenas, Crocuta crocuta, adult daughters are expected to rank immediately below their mother, and in reverse age order (a phenomenon known as ‘youngest ascendancy’). This pattern is well described, but few studies have systematically examined the frequency or causes of departures from the expected pattern. Using a longitudinal data set from a natural population of yellow baboons, Papio cynocephalus, we measured the influence of maternal kin, paternal kin and group size on female rank positions at two life history milestones, menarche and first live birth. At menarche, most females (73%) ranked adjacent to their family members (i.e. the female held an ordinal rank in consecutive order with other members of her maternal family); however, only 33% of females showed youngest ascendancy within their matriline at menarche. By the time they experienced their first live birth, many females had improved their dominance rank: 78% ranked adjacent to their family members and 49% showed youngest ascendancy within their matriline. The presence of mothers and maternal sisters exerted a powerful influence on rank outcomes. However, the presence of fathers, brothers and paternal siblings did not produce a clear effect on female dominance rank in our analyses, perhaps because females in our data set co-resided with variable numbers and types of paternal and male relatives. Our results also raise the possibility that female body size or competitive ability may influence dominance rank, even in this classically nepotistic species. In total, our analyses reveal that the predictors of dominance rank in nepotistic rank systems are much more complex than previously thought.

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“…Other studies have shown that early deprivation and social isolation in orphan wild-born chimpanzees influence their future development and rehabilitation (Botero et al 2013;Ongman et al 2013). Orphan wild chimpanzees are more susceptible to stress than mother-reared or late-deprived chimpanzees (Reimers et al 2007).…”

Section: Influences On Recoverymentioning

confidence: 96%

Rehabilitation and Socialization of Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) Used for Entertainment and as Pets: An 8-Year Study at Fundació Mona

et al. 2015

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Abstracts Primates are at times used as performers in circuses, advertisements, films, and as pets. Most of these animals are socially isolated from their peers. They exhibit behavioral problems and lack important skills for living in a group environment. One of the main challenges primate rescue centers face is creating groups to socialize rescued individuals and promote the development of species-typical behaviors. We monitored a group of 15 chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) housed at Fundació Mona, a primate rescue and rehabilitation centre, for 8 yr. The aim of the study was to study the rehabilitation process and to establish variables that may influence the behavioral recovery of the chimpanzees. We used scan sampling to assess behavior and two welfare indices over the study period. Our results show that both desirable behaviors and welfare indices increased over time, while nondesirable behaviors decreased. We found no differences between pet and performer chimpanzees, but captive-born subjects recovered better than wild-born. We also established that chimpanzees that were younger at the onset of rehabilitation reached higher levels of social and behavioral competence than those that were older. We conclude that both social group housing and opportunities for the development of species-typical behaviors have a positive effect on the welfare and rehabilitation of performer and pet chimpanzees, but that their previous history influences rehabilitation. Int J Primatol

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Anxiety-related behavior of orphan chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) at Gombe National Park, Tanzania

Cited by 34 publications

References 34 publications

The Importance of Early Experiences for Neuro-Affective Development

The Importance of Early Experiences for Neuro-Affective Development

Complex sources of variance in female dominance rank in a nepotistic society

Rehabilitation and Socialization of Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) Used for Entertainment and as Pets: An 8-Year Study at Fundació Mona

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