Anxiety Disorders and Cardiovascular Disease

Abstract

Anxiety and its associated disorders are common in patients with cardiovascular disease and may significantly influence cardiac health. Anxiety disorders are associated with the onset and progression of cardiac disease, and in many instances have been linked to adverse cardiovascular outcomes, including mortality. Both physiologic (autonomic dysfunction, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, changes in platelet aggregation) and health behavior mechanisms may help to explain the relationships between anxiety disorders and cardiovascular disease. Given the associations between anxiety disorders and poor cardiac health, the timely and accurate identification and treatment of these conditions is of the utmost importance. Fortunately, pharmacologic and psychotherapeutic interventions for the management of anxiety disorders are generally safe and effective. Further study is needed to determine whether interventions to treat anxiety disorders ultimately impact both psychiatric and cardiovascular health.

Lived-knowledge: A Concept Analysis

“…Most patients who have had regrets or prior trauma were likely to have difficulties with their health compared to self-satisfied individuals. According to Celano, Daunis, Lokko, Campbell, and Huffman, et al [30], stress, anxiety, and post traumatic disorders had detrimental effects on cardiac health. Some of the physiological effects on cardiac health were autonomic dysfunction, platelet dysfunction, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction.…”

Ansiedade e desfechos clínicos em pacientes coronariopatas submetidos ao cateterismo não programado

“…(2) The impact of classic risk factors on the onset and progression of myocardial ischemia is well established (1) , but the influence of psychosocial factors on the morbidity and mortality of patients with ACS is also known. (3) Depression and anxiety may occur in patients following an episode of ACS. Although the adverse effects of depression on short-and long-term outcomes have been well studied, the effects of anxiety still require further investigation.…”

“…Although the adverse effects of depression on short-and long-term outcomes have been well studied, the effects of anxiety still require further investigation. (3) Anxiety is an emotional state characterized by feelings of concern and apprehension. The literature suggests that 20% to 30% of patients experience high levels of anxiety after an episode of ACS, and in half of them the symptom may persist for up to a year after the coronary event.…”

“…The literature suggests that 20% to 30% of patients experience high levels of anxiety after an episode of ACS, and in half of them the symptom may persist for up to a year after the coronary event. (3) There are different theoretical models available for anxiety analysis. In the present research, was adopted the Spielberger's anxiety model, in which two constructs are generated in the evaluation, namely the trait and the state.…”

Using health psychology techniques to manage chronic physical symptoms

“…That is those symptoms which continue despite the patient receiving appropriate nursing and medical care. Effective management of chronic symptoms is important for the NHS since patients with such symptoms incur high healthcare costs often through frequent but avoidable use of primary and emergency care (Celano et al, 2016;Kohlmann, Gierk, Hilbert, Brähler and Löwe, 2016;Kroenke, 2014;McDaid and Park, 2015). Nurses in a variety of fields will encounter patients with chronic physical symptoms.…”