Anxiety and depression: Why and how to measure their separate effects

Beuke, Carl J.; Fischer, Ronald; McDowall, John

doi:10.1016/s0272-7358(03)00074-6

Cited by 74 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Anxiety and depression often co-occur and depression is the most commonly comorbid disorder associated with anxiety [29]. Although the relationship between anxiety and depression is well recognized [30], anxiety and depression may nevertheless be associated with different causes and consequences [31]. For instance, they may differ in terms of time perspective.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into features of anxiety through multiple aspects of psychological time

Åström¹,

Wiberg²,

Sircova³

et al. 2014

J Integr Psychol Ther

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Background: It is well-recognized that emotions and emotional disorders may alter the experience of time. Yet relatively little is known about different aspects of psychological time in relation to anxiety. The purpose of the present study was to explore several aspects of temporal processing, including time perspective, prospective and retrospective time estimation, in persons with anxiety symptoms. Methods: A total of 110 individuals with varying degrees of anxiety participated in two studies. They were assigned to two groups (anxiety-control) based on their scores on anxiety measurements. Participants also completed an inventory of time perspective and several time estimation tasks which were analyzed on a group-level. Depressive symptoms were assessed and used as a covariate in the second study. Results: Anxiety was significantly associated with Past Negative and Future Negative time perspectives as measured by the Swedish Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (S-ZTPI), even when controlling for the effect of depressive symptoms. No other significant differences were found. Conclusion: Exploring time perspective in persons with anxious symptoms may provide important insights into features of anxiety. These findings may offer new ways of conceptualizing anxiety and provide suggestions for treatment strategies.

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Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into features of anxiety through multiple aspects of psychological time

Åström¹,

Wiberg²,

Sircova³

et al. 2014

J Integr Psychol Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To assess aspects of trait affectivity, we administered the revised Beck Depression Inventory (BDI; Beck & Steer, 1987), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI; Beck, Epstein, Brown, & Steer, 1988), and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CESD; Radloff, 1977), all of which are widely-used measures of depression and anxiety symptoms that offer relatively sharp discriminations between depression and anxiety (Beuke, Fischer, & McDowall, 2003). We additionally administered the trait version of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS; Watson, Clark, & Tellegen, 1988), which yields positive affect (PA) and negative affect (NA) scores, and the Rosenberg (1965) self-esteem scale, a common measure of global self-esteem (Blascovich & Tomaka, 1991).…”

Section: Measures Of Emotion and Self-evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating self-reflection and insight as self-conscious traits

Silvia

Phillips

2011

Personality and Individual Differences

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Abstract:Recent years have seen several new models of individual-differences in self-consciousness. The present research evaluated self-reflection and insight as types of self-focused attention. In the self-reflection and insight model, both traits represent metacognitive individual differences that aid self-regulation. In a sample of 233 young adults, both self-reflection and insight covaried with many different self-conscious traits (public and private self-consciousness, rumination, reflection), which suggests that they crosscut past typologies. Insight, but not self-reflection, covaried with many markers of affect and well-being: people high in insight had lower depression and anxiety symptoms, lower NA, higher PA, and higher self-esteem. On the whole, the evidence is consistent with the self-reflection and insight model, and the findings suggest that self-reflection and insight are distinct from each other and from other self-conscious traits.self-reflection | insight | rumination | reflection | self-awareness | self-focused Keywords: attention | personality | psychology Article:

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“…Elevated anxiety levels are common in late life depressive disorder, and are known to bias attention independent of mood (Broomfield and Turpin, 2005). Consequently, 'controlling out' the impact of anxiety on task performance is, in the present context, critical (Beuke et al, 2003). Finally, all our participants were over 65 years, the typical age point for inclusion into elderly mental health services in the UK.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%