Anxiety and depression associated with urinary incontinence. A 10‐year follow‐up study from the Norwegian HUNT study (EPINCONT)

Felde, Gunhild; Ebbesen, Marit Helen; Hunskaar, Steinar

doi:10.1002/nau.22921

Cited by 105 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The presence of urgency incontinence at baseline increased the odds of developing anxiety at 10 years, and conversely the presence of anxiety at baseline increased the odds of developing urgency incontinence at 10 years in a Norwegian study. 12 Bidirectional temporal relationship was also observed in a one-year longitudinal study from the UK. 22 Fifth, successful management of OAB symptoms with medications reduced the anxiety symptoms.…”

Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 78%

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The Relationship Between Anxiety and Overactive Bladder or Urinary Incontinence Symptoms in the Clinical Population

Lai

Rawal

Shen

et al. 2016

Urology

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Objective To investigate the relationship between anxiety and overactive bladder/urinary incontinence symptoms among clinical population. Methods Patients who were diagnosed with overactive bladder (OAB) and age-matched control subjects without OAB were enrolled. Anxiety symptoms were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A). OAB/incontinence symptoms were assessed using the ICIQ-UI, ICIQ-OAB, UDI-6, IIQ-7, and OAB-q. Other psychosocial factors were also assessed. Results About half of the OAB subjects (48%) had anxiety symptoms, and one quarter of OAB subjects (24%) had moderate to severe anxiety. OAB subjects reported significantly higher anxiety symptoms compared to age-matched controls (HADS-A: 7.5 ± 4.5 versus 3.3 ± 3.6, p<0.001). OAB subjects with anxiety reported more severe OAB/incontinence symptoms, greater bother and impact on quality of life compared to OAB subjects without anxiety (ICIQ-UI, ICIQ-OAB, UDI-6, IIQ-7, OAB-q, p-values all <0.05). OAB subjects with anxiety also have more psychosocial difficulties (e.g., more depression, higher stress levels). Among OAB subjects, there were positive correlations between the severity of anxiety symptoms and the severity of OAB/incontinence symptoms (Spearman’s correlation coefficients 0.29 to 0.47, p<0.05). OAB subjects with both anxiety and depression reported higher ICIQ-UI and IIQ-7 scores than those who had anxiety but no depression (p=0.014, 0.025 respectively). Conclusions OAB patients reported higher anxiety symptoms compared to controls. OAB patients with anxiety reported more severe OAB/incontinence symptoms, worse quality of life, and more psychosocial difficulties compared to OAB patients without anxiety. There are positive correlations between the severity of anxiety symptoms and OAB/incontinence symptoms.

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Section: Commentmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…The developers of the HADS have recommended these cut-off points for mild (8–10), moderate (11–14), and severe (15–21) anxiety, 10,11 and recent studies have adopted these cut-offs. 12 To quantify the severity of anxiety symptoms, we have also analyzed the HADS-A data as a continuous variable (HADS-A range 0 to 21).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Anxiety and Overactive Bladder or Urinary Incontinence Symptoms in the Clinical Population

Lai

Rawal

Shen

et al. 2016

Urology

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“…Parity is the one of the most important risk factors of UI and several previous studies reported that increasing parity was associated with increased risk of UI [13,15,25] . The effect of parity on UI may be related to the development of pelvic muscle atrophy and the impairment in the pelvic muscle nerves during birth [13,25] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of parity on UI may be related to the development of pelvic muscle atrophy and the impairment in the pelvic muscle nerves during birth [13,25] . Episiotomy or spontaneous vaginal tear and the use of forceps or vacuum for extraction in vaginal delivery may also lead to SUI over the years [26] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Possible Risk Factors for Urinary Incontinence: A Cohort Study in the City of Izmir

Demir

Şen²,

İrer³

et al. 2017

Urol Int

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Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and possible risk factors of urinary incontinence (UI) among women aged 18 or older living in the city of Izmir, located in the Aegean coast of Turkey. Methods: A questionnaire and the validated International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF) were filled by urologists (O.D., V.S., A.E., O.B., and B.I.) with face-to-face interview. The participants with urge UI (UUI) and stress UI (SUI) were compared in terms of risk factors, quality of life (QoL) scores, severity of incontinence, status of doctor consultation, and total ICIQ-SF scores. Results: A total of 719 women were included and the prevalence of UI was 50.3% in our study. The key risk factors for UUI were hypertension and diabetes mellitus; the key risk factors for SUI were hypertension, multiparity, body mass index, and lower education level. Average QoL (ICIQ-SF 5) score for UUI was worse than SUI (3.8 ± 2.5 vs. 3.3 ± 2.4; p = 0.042) and seeking treatment for UI was significantly higher in participants with UUI when compared to those with SUI (45.1 vs. 24%; p ≤ 0.001). Conclusions: Physicians should be aware that risk factors may differ according to specific UI subtypes when evaluating patients with UI.

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“…The avoidance of physical activity in an attempt to manage/control the condition may also have an effect on overall health by increasing the risk of conditions such as hypertension [14, 15]. In addition, UI is also associated with poorer mental health among older persons including anxiety disorders [16] and depression [16, 17]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary incontinence, mental health and loneliness among community-dwelling older adults in Ireland

Stickley¹,

Santini²,

Koyanagi³

2017

BMC Urol

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BackgroundUrinary incontinence (UI) is associated with worse health among older adults. Little is known however, about its relation with loneliness or the role of mental health in this association. This study examined these factors among older adults in Ireland.MethodsData were analyzed from 6903 community-dwelling adults aged ≥ 50 collected in the first wave of The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) in 2009–11. Information was obtained on the self-reported occurrence (yes/no) and severity (frequency/activity limitations) of UI in the past 12 months. Loneliness was measured using the UCLA Loneliness Scale short form. Information was also obtained on depression (CES-D), anxiety (HADS-A) and other sociodemographic variables. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between variables.ResultsIn a model adjusted for all potential confounders except mental disorders, compared to no UI, any UI was associated with significantly higher odds for loneliness (odds ratio: 1.51). When depression was included in the analysis, the association was attenuated and became non-significant while the inclusion of anxiety had a much smaller effect. Similarly, although frequency of UI and activity limitations due to UI were both significantly associated with loneliness prior to adjustment for mental disorders, neither association remained significant after adjustment for both depression and anxiety.ConclusionUI is associated with higher odds for loneliness among older community-dwelling adults but this association is largely explained by comorbid mental health problems, in particular, depression.

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Anxiety and depression associated with urinary incontinence. A 10‐year follow‐up study from the Norwegian HUNT study (EPINCONT)

Cited by 105 publications

References 33 publications

The Relationship Between Anxiety and Overactive Bladder or Urinary Incontinence Symptoms in the Clinical Population

The Relationship Between Anxiety and Overactive Bladder or Urinary Incontinence Symptoms in the Clinical Population

Prevalence and Possible Risk Factors for Urinary Incontinence: A Cohort Study in the City of Izmir

Urinary incontinence, mental health and loneliness among community-dwelling older adults in Ireland

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