Anxiety and cognitive efficiency: Differential modulation of transient and sustained neural activity during a working memory task

Fales, Christina L.; Burgess, Gregory C.; Schaefer, Alexandre; Mennin, Douglas S.; Gray, Jeremy R.; Braver, Todd S.

doi:10.3758/cabn.8.3.239

Cited by 182 publications

(185 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…In this way, reduced PERT may reflect another index of compensatory attention related to worry rather than poor post-error adaptation. Similarly, worry's negative relationship to PEA is consistent with reduced capacity for proactive control (Fales et al, 2008), as we have previously contended that PEA is more sensitive to effortful task-relevant behaviors . Further study into worry's relations to post-error behaviors through theta synchronization will help build a more complete picture of the mechanisms underlying cognitive and behavioral disruptions in anxiety.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Specifically, our Compensatory Error Monitoring Hypothesis (CEMH) is predicated on the notion that anxious individuals are characterized by increased reliance on 'reactive control' (Gray et al, 2005;Fales et al, 2008;Carter, 2010, 2012). According to Braver's (2012) dual mechanisms of control model, reactive control is a form of cognitive control that involves recruiting attention on an 'as-needed' basis following conflicts or errors (Braver et al, 2007).…”

Section: The Ern and Anxietymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sending mixed signals: worry is associated with enhanced initial error processing but reduced call for subsequent cognitive control

Moran

Bernat

Aviyente

et al. 2015

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience

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Worry is reliably associated with overactive action-monitoring processes as measured by the error-related negativity (ERN). However, worry is not associated with error-related behavioral adjustments which are typically used to infer increased cognitive control following errors. We hypothesized that this disconnect between overactive action monitoring and unimproved post-error adjustments in worriers is the result of reduced functional integration between medial and lateral prefrontal regions during generation of the ERN, understood to have an important role in mediating controlled processing. To test this, we examined ERN amplitude and interchannel phase synchrony extracted from scalp-recorded electroencephalographic data during error processing in 77 undergraduates who performed a Flankers task. Correlational and path analytic results demonstrated that worry was related to both an enlarged ERN and reduced phase synchrony. Although not directly related to post-error behavioral adjustments, results also revealed that worry was indirectly related to poor post-error adjustments through its association with reduced phase synchrony. Therefore, worry seems to affect multiple components of the action-monitoring system. It is related not just with the initial response to the error, but also with the transmission of information between networks involved in cognitive control processes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Section: The Ern and Anxietymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sending mixed signals: worry is associated with enhanced initial error processing but reduced call for subsequent cognitive control

Moran

Bernat

Aviyente

et al. 2015

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Such a negative correlation means that individuals with high anxiety do badly on GMA tests. This weak correlation is likely to be due to the fact that neurotic individuals are more likely to experience anxiety under the pressures of testing situations and that anxiety might affect their cognitive processing (Ackerman & Heggestad, 1997;Fales et al, 2008;Keightley et al, 2003).…”

Section: General Mental Ability (Gma) and Personalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Distinguishing Personality Traits of Intelligent Fresh Graduates. A Comparison Study of High and Low GMA Individuals

Al-Zoubi¹

2015

IJPS

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The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between mental ability and personality traits and to decide whether there are differences in some personality traits between individuals who were classified as having high verses low general mental ability (GMA). 209 individual who achieved high score (percentile 84 or higher) on a general mental ability test were compared with 136 individuals who achieve low score (percentile 16 or less) on the same test. 15 personality characteristics were measured in both groups using the Jackson Personality Inventory. The results indicate that there are significant differences between high and low GMA individuals on the personality traits. Fresh graduates with high GMA have higher levels on the following traits: innovation, traditional values, responsibility, complexity, tolerance, breadth of interest, organization, energy level, social confidence, and risk taking. On the other side, low GMA have higher levels on traits of anxiety and cooperation. Furthermore, gender seems to have impact on personality traits. While the dominant traits of intelligent females are innovation and responsibility, the dominant traits of males are risk taking and innovation. The current results may help in better employee selection and career counseling for fresh university graduates. Some theoretical and empirical implications of the results are further discussed.

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“…The focus on undesirable experiences restricts the individual's retrieval from long-term memory causing limited accessibility of information and eventually decreases creative performance (Heilman, Nadeau, & Beversdorf, 2003;Mumford & Gustafson, 1988). Furthermore, Cognitive Interference Theory also suggests that anxiety may narrow attention at the conceptual level and reduce working memory (Fales et al, 2008).…”

Section: Literature Review Procrastination and Creativitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meanwhile, the literature suggests that anxiety could be detrimental to creative performance as the anxious mindset inhibits novelty-seeking behaviour which interferes with the creative process (Eysenck, Derakshan, Santos, & Calvo, 2007;Fales et al, 2008;George & Zhou, 2007;Heilman, 2014). According to the Cognitive Interference Theory (Sarason, 1988), individuals who experience anxiety tend to think of, or recall unfavorable experiences.…”

Section: Literature Review Procrastination and Creativitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Procrastination is Detrimental to Undergraduate Students’ Self-Rated Creativity: The Mediating Role of State Anxiety

Lim

Low

Tan³

2017

Creativity. Theories – Research - Applications

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Procrastination has been found to negatively impact academic and job performance. However, little attention has been given to the effect of procrastination on creative performance. Moreover, past studies have mainly focused on the antecedent role of anxiety in procrastination. The impact of procrastination on anxiety is not clear, though literature has suggested that procrastination may induce anxiety. The primary question addressed in the present study is whether and how procrastination influences creativity. Some exceptional studies have indicated that procrastination allows incubation and hence is conducive to creativity. However, on the basis of the literature, we argued and hypothesized that procrastination may impair creativity through state anxiety. A total of 218 Malaysian undergraduate students were recruited via social networking sites and responded to a packet of online survey questionairres, including self-report of procrastination tendency, state and trait anxiety, and creativity. Results showed that procrastination was positively associated with state and trait anxiety and negatively correlated with creativity. A negative relationship was also observed between state and trait anxiety and creativity. In addition, mediation analysis supported our hypothesis that state anxiety mediates the relationship between procrastination and creativity after controlling for the effect of trait anxiety. Specifically, people tend to experience feeling anxious when they postpone task completion. The high level of anxiety, in turn, is negatively associated with creative performance. As a whole, the findings not only offer the first empirical evidence supportive of the detrimental effect of procrastination on creativity, but also reveal the underlying process. Future directions and limitations are also explored.

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Anxiety and cognitive efficiency: Differential modulation of transient and sustained neural activity during a working memory task

Cited by 182 publications

References 60 publications

Sending mixed signals: worry is associated with enhanced initial error processing but reduced call for subsequent cognitive control

Sending mixed signals: worry is associated with enhanced initial error processing but reduced call for subsequent cognitive control

The Distinguishing Personality Traits of Intelligent Fresh Graduates. A Comparison Study of High and Low GMA Individuals

Procrastination is Detrimental to Undergraduate Students’ Self-Rated Creativity: The Mediating Role of State Anxiety

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