Anxiety among people living with HIV/AIDS on antiretroviral treatment attending tertiary care hospitals in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

Shukla, Mukesh; Agarwal, Monika; Singh, Jai Vir; Srivastava, Anand

doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20161973

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…12 The possible reason for the discrepancy might be difference in outcome measurement instruments (tools), difference in sample size, and socio-cultural differences. 1,6,28,29 Regarding associated factors, in this study, females were 3.24 times more likely to develop anxiety as compared to males, which was supported by previously conducted studies in Debre Tabor, 19 Hawassa, 26 Addis Ababa, 16 and India. 30 The possible reason might be social factors like burden of household responsibilities and low social network, exposure to acute life and other biological factors may contribute to the higher prevalence of anxiety among females than males.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…12 The possible reason for the discrepancy might be difference in outcome measurement instruments (tools), difference in sample size, and socio-cultural differences. 1 , 6 , 28 , 29 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, anxiety is a very unpleasant feeling of fear, nervousness, and apprehension without any apparent stimulus, associated with physiological change. 1 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, anxiety is a very unpleasant feeling of fear, nervousness, and apprehension without any apparent stimulus, associated with physiological change. 1 Globally, about 264 million people are affected by different types of anxiety disorders and it is highly prevalent among individuals with chronic diseases such as HIV/AIDS compared with the general population. [2][3][4][5][6][7] Anxiety disorders have high impact on the overall functioning of the population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anxiety and Associated Factors Among Clients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) in Public Hospitals of Southern Ethiopia: A Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study

Kechine¹,

Ali

Worku

et al. 2022

PRBM

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Background Anxiety is an unpleasant feeling of fear, apprehension, and nervousness without any apparent stimulus. Anxiety is one of the co-morbidities that are often overlooked in treating patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). Anxiety is worse among people with HIV/AIDS than the general population. Few studies have been conducted on prevalence of anxiety in people receiving antiretroviral treatment and limited evidence is available on its associated factors. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the magnitude and associated factors of anxiety among clients on highly active antiretroviral therapy in public hospitals of Southern Ethiopia. Methods An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in public hospitals of Southern Ethiopia. Simple random sampling method was used to recruit study participants. Data collection was done by using a structured questionnaire regarding medical data related to HIV/AIDS. Seven items of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were also used to measure the anxiety level. Oslo social support scale and perceived stigma scale were used to measure social support and stigma respectively. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were computed with 95% CI to identify different explanatory variables. Significance was declared at p<0.05. Multi-collinearity was checked by variance inflation factors and Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to check model fitness. Results Prevalence of anxiety among clients on HAART in selected public hospitals of Southern Ethiopia was found to be 25.6%. Females (AOR=3.24, 95% CI [1.32, 7.97]), being widowed (AOR=5.47, 95% CI [1.08, 29.72], monthly income 1425–2280 Ethiopian birr (AOR=7.29, 95% CI [2.55, 20.88]), comorbid conditions (AOR=5.47, 95% CI [1.92, 15.62]), perceived stigma (AOR=8.34, 95% CI [3.49, 19.91]) were factors associated with anxiety. Conclusion Approximately one-fourth of participants living with HIV/AIDS had anxiety. Being female, widowed, medium income, comorbid conditions, and perceived stigma were significantly associated with anxiety. This finding highlights the importance of mental health assessment, early detection and treatment of anxiety as an integral component of HIV/AIDS care.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…12 The possible reason for the discrepancy might be difference in outcome measurement instruments (tools), difference in sample size, and socio-cultural differences. 1 , 6 , 28 , 29 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, anxiety is a very unpleasant feeling of fear, nervousness, and apprehension without any apparent stimulus, associated with physiological change. 1 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Anxiety and Associated Factors Among Clients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) in Public Hospitals of Southern Ethiopia: A Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study

Kechine¹,

Ali

Worku

et al. 2022

PRBM

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“…2,9,13,14,22,23 Other factors associated with the level of anxiety are perception of side effects, ART drug regimen and duration on treatment. 19,24 Severe psychological distress was highly prevalent among those who were recently diagnosed and who initiated ART late. 15,25 Furthermore, concerns of confidentiality, disclosure, emotional distress, fear of infecting others, and excessive attention to physical functions were the most common source of stressors among newly diagnosed HIV positive people.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Distress and Its Correlates among Newly Diagnosed People Living with HIV in Northwest Ethiopia: Ordinal Logistic Regression Analyses

et al. 2021

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Background: Although there is a high burden of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), studies on mental health issues among people living with HIV are scarce. The study addressed the transition to “test and treat” guidelines for HIV, which makes it unique regarding its evaluation of psychological distress amongst newly initiated people living with HIV in the test and treat era. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 689 people newly diagnosed with HIV. Symptoms of psychological distress were measured using the Kessler-10 psychological distress assessment scale. Factors associated with psychological distress were captured using interviewer-administered questionnaires. Ordinal logistic regression analyses were employed to identify predictors of psychological distress. Results: The magnitude of psychological distress was 58.63% (95% CI = 55.2%-62.3%). The severity of the psychological distress of which, 17.42% had severe distress. Psychological distress was observed more among female patients (β = 0.47, AOR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.12, 2.27), patients presented with opportunistic infections (β = 0.50, AOR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.03, 2.66) and being non-working functional status (β = 0.99, AOR = 2.70, 95% CI = 1.64, 4.45). Moreover, patients who were malnourished (β = 0.46, AOR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.09, 2.26), having good level of knowledge on HIV prevention (β = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.55, 0.39, 0.78), presented with sexually transmitted infection (β = 0.48, AOR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.01, 2.58), history of alcohol use (β = 0.44, AOR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.09, 2.21), perceived stigma (β = 0.08, AOR = 1.09 95% CI = 1.04, 1.15) and treated in health centers (β = 0.55, AOR = 1.74, 95% CI = 1.25, 2.41) had higher odds of psychological distress. Conclusion: The large majority of newly diagnosed HIV patients suffered from psychological distress. An increased vulnerability was observed among females, those with opportunistic and sexually transmitted infections, those having poor functional status and malnourished. Furthermore, HIV patients treated in health centers, those who had history of alcohol use and patients with high level of HIV related stigma are more negatively affected by the HIV diagnosis. Hence, all intervention strategies should target all the identified predictors.

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Health-Related Anxiety in the Management of Oral Soreness in an HIVSeropositive Patient

Mandasari¹,

Syarif²,

Rahmayanti³

2020

J Dent Indones

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Anxiety among people living with HIV/AIDS on antiretroviral treatment attending tertiary care hospitals in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Anxiety and Associated Factors Among Clients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) in Public Hospitals of Southern Ethiopia: A Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study

Anxiety and Associated Factors Among Clients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) in Public Hospitals of Southern Ethiopia: A Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study

Psychological Distress and Its Correlates among Newly Diagnosed People Living with HIV in Northwest Ethiopia: Ordinal Logistic Regression Analyses

Health-Related Anxiety in the Management of Oral Soreness in an HIVSeropositive Patient

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