Anxiety, Affect, and Activity in Teenagers: Monitoring Daily Life With Electronic Diaries

Henker, Barbara; Whalen, Carol K.; Jamner, Larry D.; Delfino, Ralph J.

doi:10.1097/00004583-200206000-00005

Cited by 117 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…These data suggest that cigarettes may be used as an emotion regulation tool by adolescents and that adolescents with more variable mood states, not higher average negative-mood levels, may be at a higher risk for cigarette escalation. These data are consistent with an earlier study that examined the relationship between anxiety and smoking [20]. In this study, adolescents (average age of 14 years) monitored their mood and smoking behavior for two 4-day intervals separated by a period of 6 months.…”

Section: Assessment Type Defi Nition Examplesupporting

confidence: 90%

Studying adolescent smoking in real time: Use of ecological momentary assessment

Gwaltney

Emerson²

2009

Curr Cardio Risk Rep

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Section: Assessment Type Defi Nition Examplesupporting

confidence: 90%

Studying adolescent smoking in real time: Use of ecological momentary assessment

Gwaltney

Emerson²

2009

Curr Cardio Risk Rep

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“…Future studies will need to consider longer or repeated periods of data collection and include assessments prompted by the target event (as has been done in EMA studies 67,68 ). The MS method was associated with decreased compliance compared with diaries, although the completion rate was not significantly different and was similar to that reported in previous studies using MS. 63,69,70,[73][74][75] This problem may be remedied in future studies by shortening the MS report and considering use of other electronic devices, such as palm computers. 69,74 Despite its limitations, this study adds to the relatively sparse literature exploring the use of MS in adolescent samples and uniquely examines the feasibility of this method to collect data on sexual behavior.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…65,66 MS methods have been used to describe daily mood in children and adolescents, 59,70,71 adolescent substance use and mood states, 72 and adolescent moods and smoking behavior. 69,73,74 Adolescents who have participated in studies that used MS methods have responded to 69% to 90% of signals. 63,69,70,[73][74][75] In the following study, we compared 3 methods of collecting timed data on affect, substance use, and sexual behavior in male and female adolescents: a retrospective interview and questionnaire, twicedaily diaries, and MS using a 2-way pager.…”

Section: Measuring Affect and Sexual Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Affect and Sexual Behavior in Adolescents: A Review of the Literature and Comparison of Momentary Sampling With Diary and Retrospective Self-Report Methods of Measurement

2005

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ABSTRACT. Objective. Assessment of mental health is important in understanding sexual risk behavior in adolescents, yet few studies have examined how affect is directly related to sexual behavior. Momentary sampling (MS) methods permit real-time assessment of affect in relation to specific events and embed the collected data in the context of the respondent's moment-to-moment life. The objectives of this study were to review the literature on affect and sexual behavior and to compare the feasibility and acceptability of MS with diaries and retrospective self-report as a means of collecting temporally relevant data on affect and sexual behavior in adolescents.Methods. Sexually active, nondepressed adolescent outpatients who were aged 15 to 18 years were randomly assigned to a schedule of the 3 methods of data collection for 2 weeks each. All participants completed a retrospective self-report by interview at the end of each 2-week period. In the diary arm, participants completed twicedaily paper-and-pencil diary cards, which were returned by mail. In the MS arm, participants used 2-way pagers to respond to several random pages per day. Primary outcomes included rates of completion (diaries vs MS reports) and the participants' tolerance of and preferences for the methods. A secondary outcome was the agreement in means for positive and negative affect and in report of days on which substance use and sexual activity occurred. Associations of affect with contextual factors and with sexual activity were also explored in the MS arm.Results. Ten youths completed 30 of 30 retrospective self-reports (100%, 3 per participant, by design), 254 of 280 diaries (91%; mean: 25.4 per participant), and 442 of 600 MS reports (74%; mean: 44.2 per participant). Most participants preferred the MS method to the diaries or retrospective self-report. Affect scores and reports of sexual activity and substance use were correlated among the methods. Measured with MS, affect was found to differ by location, companionship, and thoughts when paged; notably, positive affect was highest when participants reported thoughts about sex. There was no difference in affect before versus after coitus. Conclusions.The results of this study suggest that MS in adolescents is feasible and preferred and provides contextual, temporally relevant, event-level data on affect and sexual activity that are not readily measured with traditional methods. Future research using MS methods will be important in increasing our understanding of the link between affect and sexual behavior and inform the development of improved risk reduction interventions for adolescents. P reventive interventions for sexually active youths have had only modest success in reducing their high risk for HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) and unintended pregnancy, [1][2][3] suggesting that new approaches to sexual risk reduction must be considered. Interventions that target specific groups of at-risk youths may be particularly promising. Although affect, depression, and other measures of m...

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“…30 Potential drawbacks to paper diaries have been recognized in other studies, and have recently led to the development of electronic methods. 31,32 A study that measured compliance of patients with chronic pain, using paper or electronic diaries, showed subjects completed 90% of the diaries. Participants in the study were asked to make three entries daily at set times in either paper or electronic diaries.…”

Section: Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in the Design and Conduct of Therapeutic Trials in Channel Disorders

2007

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Summary: Neurologic channelopathies are rare, inherited paroxysmal disorders of muscle (e.g., the periodic paralyses and nondystrophic myotonias) and brain (e.g., episodic ataxias, idiopathic epilepsies, and familial hemiplegic migraine). Mutation is necessary but not sufficient for phenotypic expression and there are no simple phenotype-genotype relationships. Attacks may be spontaneous or triggered, with affected individuals often asymptomatic and neurologically normal between attacks. Performance of daily activities may be affected by the unpredictable nature; often late-onset degenerative changes cause permanent disability; for example, muscle atrophy and fixed weakness in periodic paralysis and cerebellar atrophy and progressive ataxia in the episodic ataxias. Currently, the natural history of these disorders is being defined. Clearly, the established methodologies for randomized controlled clinical trials are not feasible for rare diseases and innovative trial design is essential. There is a requirement for clinically relevant outcome measures for episodic disorders. Increasing our knowledge of the pathophysiology will help in targeting and designing rational therapeutic approaches. We will use the current understanding of the neurological channelopathies to illustrate some of the opportunities, challenges, and strategies in bringing safe and effective treatments to patients. There are reasons for optimism that new partnerships between clinical investigators, government, patient advocacy groups, and industry will prevent symptoms and progression of the neurological channelopathies.

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Anxiety, Affect, and Activity in Teenagers: Monitoring Daily Life With Electronic Diaries

Cited by 117 publications

References 46 publications

Studying adolescent smoking in real time: Use of ecological momentary assessment

Studying adolescent smoking in real time: Use of ecological momentary assessment

Affect and Sexual Behavior in Adolescents: A Review of the Literature and Comparison of Momentary Sampling With Diary and Retrospective Self-Report Methods of Measurement

Challenges in the Design and Conduct of Therapeutic Trials in Channel Disorders

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