Anxiety About Illness: Psychological and Social Bases

Levine, Gene N.

doi:10.2307/2948739

Cited by 35 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…1 Thus in situations where consultation involves a high cost we should expect the greatest likelihood of hlepseeking when one is high on all three elements of attitude toward disease. This hypothesis may now assist us in understanding the earlier reported behaviour of suffering from terminal conditions (48,49) where consultation may be perceived to incur a high cost, i.e., ascertaining the hopelessness of one's condition. It may also enhance understanding of delay in helpseeking when consultation involves material costs (such as the fee for service or loss Involvement with a disease and primary care utilization 255 of income) or social costs (such as norms pressing against displaying weakness).…”

Section: Toward a Model Of Medical Helpseekingmentioning

confidence: 92%

Involvement with a disease and primary care utilization*

Ben‐Sira

1980

Sociology Health & Illness

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Is it possible to predict from the attitdues toward diseases the likelihood of primary care utilization? Moreover, considering that an attitude is frequently defined as comprising three main elements: the affective, cognitive and instrumental (1, pp.36–37), is one of these elements predominant in determining the likelihood of medical helpseeking, or does the tendency to seek a General Practitioner's help vary in accordance with the degree of one's involvement in a disease in terms of all three elements? This latter would be similar to a recently identified pattern of engaging in preventive behaviour (2).** We believe that understanding the conditions under which attitudes toward diseases will enhance prediction of actual therapeutic behaviour may be of theoretical as well as practical significance. From the viewpoint of sociological theory it may comprise an additional step in the understanding of the association between attitude and actual behaviour. It may also contribute to the theory of medical helpseeking by stressing the role played by attitudes toward diseases in primary care utilization. From the practical aspect it primarily may assist the medical community, and specifically general practitioners, in understanding the factors that underlie consultation, mainly with respect to those cases which are frequently defined as trivial. It may also elucidate factors underlying delay in helpseeking. Moreover, it may assist planners of prepaid ambulatory services in assessing the volume of primary care utilization and the underlying predominant motivating factors.

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Section: Toward a Model Of Medical Helpseekingmentioning

confidence: 92%

Involvement with a disease and primary care utilization*

Ben‐Sira

1980

Sociology Health & Illness

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“…Haefner's find-ing about socioeconomic status level differences in reactions to fear-arousal messages is only one example (6). Levine (8) found that people with higher educational attainment tended to be less fearful than the less educated in response to messages. Hovland and associates (9) found that the educational level of communications recipients was a factor in responses to one-sided and twosided arguments.…”

Section: Communications Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Source, Message, Audience Characteristics on Health Behavior Compliance

Holder¹

1972

Health Services Reports

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EDUCATION for health can be thought of as a learning process that may involve cognitive, affective, and behavioral components which influence what a person knows, believes, or does about health matters. This learning process is one by which individual knowledge, attitudes, motivations, and behaviors are changed. The educator is one who attempts to facilitate the learning process in a direction deemed appropriate and desirable. Planned intervention is aimed at influencing and persuading an audience, ranging from one person to a large group of people, to (a) practice acceptable health behavior, such as brushing one's teeth regularly or submitting to a medical examination; or (b) refrain from some undesirable behavior, such as smoking cigarettes or using the services of nonscientific practitioners. I will discuss some elements of the learning process, specifically focusing on certain communications characteristics. I also will review the re

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“…An attempt was made to test this hypothesis through manipulation of simulated newspaper headlines concerning heart disease and tuberculosis, diseases known to differ greatly in the extent to which they are feared. [20][21][22] Two headlines of matching length were prepared for each disease, one designed to increase anxiety and the other to decrease it. The four headlines used were: "Figures Show Heart Disease Leading Cause of Death," "Prospects Improve for Heart Disease Treatment," "Tuberculosis Risk Higher for Older Alen and Women," and "Tests for Tuberculosis Help Prevent Disability."…”

Section: Headline Content and Readership Of Newspaper Articles About mentioning

confidence: 99%