ANXA2 Facilitates Enterovirus 71 Infection by Interacting with 3D Polymerase and PI4KB to Assist the Assembly of Replication Organelles

Pseudorabies Virus Regulates the Extracellular Translocation of Annexin A2 To Promote Its Proliferation

“…Additionally, ANXA2 was also found to play an implicated role in multiple life cycle steps of viral infection. ANXA2 is utilized by HPV, enterovirus 71 (EV71), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) during cell attachment and penetration ( 22 – 24 , 48 , 49 ); by hepatitis C virus (HCV) and influenza A virus (IAV) during replication ( 20 , 50 ); and by measles virus (MV) during assembly and maturation ( 51 ). In this experiment, knockdown or knockout ANXA2 expression could significantly inhibit PRV proliferation.…”

Impact of Annexin A2 on virus life cycles

“…It is reported that AnxA2 binds to the capsid protein, VP1, of EV71 and enhances virus infectivity ( Yang et al, 2011 ). AnxA2 is also known to enhance EV71 infection by interacting with 3D polymerase and PI4KB to assist the assembly of replication organelles ( Zhang et al, 2021 ).…”

The multiple roles of viral 3D pol protein in picornavirus infections

“…Annexin A2 (ANXA2), a member of the annexin family, positively regulates EV-A71 replication. ANXA2 promotes PI4KB and 3D pol interactions and forms an ANXA2-PI4KB-3D pol complex localized to ROs to promote the formation of the EV-A71 RNA replication complex [ 46 ]. Recent studies found that EV-A71 likely utilizes the Ragulator-Rag to regulate cell death in order to facilitate its replication.…”

“…Interestingly, EV-A71 replication requires the Ragulator-Rag complex, as genomic replication and viral titres are significantly reduced in LAMTOR1-KO, LAMTOR3-KO, and RagB-KO cells [ 49 ]. For 3D pol functions in ROs, previous studies showed the regulation of the PI4KB-3D pol complex in ROs [ 46 ], while further studies from another group indicated that 3D pol directly interacts with RagB, facilitating PI4KB and 3D pol localization at the lysosome [ 49 ]. The complexes on the lysosomal membrane formed by Ragulator, Rag, PI4KB, and 3D pol through protein-protein interactions help virus replication, as breaking the localization of the complexes in the lysosome reduces EV-A71 production [ 49 ].…”