Neuroleon tarimensis sp. n. is described from China and compared to Asiatic Neuroleon species: Neuroleon erato Hölzel, 1972, Neuroleon zakharenkoi Krivokhatsky, 1996, Neuroleon marcopolo Hölzel, 1970, Neuroleon fanaticus (McLachlan, 1875), Neuroleon nemausiensis (Borkhausen, 1791), Neuroleon nigriventris (Navás, 1913), Neuroleon dianae Hölzel, 1972, Neuroleon punjabensis Iqbal & Yousuf 1997, Neuroleon unpunctatus Ghosh, 1981, Neuroleon apicalis Navás, 1915 and Neuroleon roscidus (Navás, 1937).